中国农业气象 ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (01): 71-77.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2012.01.011

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

近50年来黔东南地区浅层地气温差的时空特征分析

顾欣,张艳梅,黄大卫   

  1. 1贵州省黔东南州气象局,凯里 556000;2贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵阳 550002;3贵州省六盘水气象局,六盘水 553001;4贵州省余庆县气象局,余庆 564400
  • 收稿日期:2011-06-30 出版日期:2012-02-20 发布日期:2012-02-09
  • 作者简介:顾欣(1965-),女,山东蓬莱人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事短期天气气候预测。Email:401349790@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    贵州省科学技术基金项目[2009]2043

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Soil-Air Temperature Difference (TsTa) in Southeast Guizhou Last 50 Years

 GU  Xin, ZHANG  Yan-Mei, HUANG  Da-Wei   

  1. 1Southeast Guizhou Meteorological Bureau, Kaili 556000,China; 2Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountounious Climate and Resources,Guiyang 550002; 3Liupanshui Meteorological Bureau,Liupanshui 553001;4Yuqing Meteorological Bureau, Yuqing 564400
  • Received:2011-06-30 Online:2012-02-20 Published:2012-02-09

摘要: 利用黔东南地区16个地面气象观测站1961-2010年逐月地面0-20cm浅层地温和气温实测资料,分别统计四季浅层地气温差的时间序列,采用正交函数分解(EOF)、经验模态分解(EMD)、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,分析各季浅层地气温差的空间分布结构和时间演变特征。结果表明,黔东南各季浅层地气温差均为正值,说明浅层地温高于气温,但各季节的时空分布存在较大差异,其中秋季最大, 春季最小;受大尺度气候异常影响,各季变化大值中心分布不同,在一定程度上地形和海拔对浅层地气温差有较大影响,次区域特征存在明显差异;各季浅层地气温差的振荡模态中,重要分量均是第一分量(IMF1),即55%由2~4a的年际变化造成,IMF1和IMF2决定着浅层地气温差的变化,IMF4以后的分量表征浅层地气温差的年代际变化。在全球气候变暖的背景下,黔东南地区春、秋季的地气温差表现为显著的增加趋势(P<0.05),夏、冬季总体变化趋势不明显, 90年代以后夏季为增加趋势(P<0.05)。近50a黔东南各季浅层地气温差的突变点不一致,春季和秋季在20世纪70年代发生了突变(P<0.05),夏季和冬季的突变出现在90年代,说明各季浅层地气温差的变化存在明显的阶段性和地域性差异。

关键词: 黔东南地区, 浅层地气温差, EOF分析, EMD分析

Abstract: Based on the monthly temperature of 0-20cm soil and air temperature of 16 stations in southeast Guizhou province from 1961 to 2010, the series of temperature difference from soil to air (referred to as Ts Ta) in four seasons were calculated respectively. The spatial distribution and changing tendency was analyzed by using of orthogonal function decomposition (EOF), empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and Mann-Kendall methods. The results showed that the value of Ts Ta was positive in every season, but there was big difference in spatial and temporal distributions among seasons, in which highest value occurred in winter and lowest value in spring. The distribution of the highest value center was different each quarter as affected by large scale climate anomalies. The first component (IMF1) was important component in oscillation mode of Ts Ta in each season. Ts Ta in spring and autumn showed obvious increase (P<0.05) in last 50 years in southeast Guizhou, but not obviously in winter and summer. The mutation point of Ts Ta in spring and autumn occurred in 1970s, and that in winter and summer occurred in 1990s, which indicated that the change of Ts Ta had obvious stage and regional differences in every season.

Key words: Southeast Guizhou, Soil air temperature difference (Ts Ta), EOF analysis, EMD analysis