中国农业气象 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (01): 24-32.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2015.01.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

应用Penman Monteith模型估算稻田蒸散的误差分析

刘斌,胡继超,赵秀兰,张雪松,张富存   

  1. 1南京信息工程大学生态气象环境研究中心,南京210044;2江苏省农业气象重点实验室,南京210044;3中国气象局国家气象中心,北京100081
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-02 出版日期:2015-02-20 发布日期:2015-05-21
  • 作者简介:刘斌(1990-),江苏江阴人,硕士生,主要研究方向为应用气象。Email:smart.abell@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106029-7);江苏省气象灾害国家重点实验室项目(KLME1007);南京信息工程大学大学生科技创新基金立项资助(KJCX201407)

Error Analysis on Evapotranspiration Estimation of Paddy Rice Field by Penman Monteith Model

LIU Bin,HU Ji chao,ZHAO Xiu lan,ZHANG Xue song,ZHANG Fu cun   

  1. 1International Center for Ecology,Meteorology and Environment,NUIST,Nanjing210044,China;2Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing210044;3National Climate Centre,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing100081
  • Received:2014-07-02 Online:2015-02-20 Published:2015-05-21

摘要: 通过对PenmanMonteith模型(PM模型)进行微分处理,从理论上分析了土壤热通量、储热项、表面层阻力和空气动力学阻力对PM模型模拟稻田蒸散的误差贡献;在此基础上提出储热项修正和稳定度修正建议,并对水稻4个生育期修正后的PM模拟结果与原始模型模拟结果进行比较。分析表明:按照一般量级关系,净辐射、土壤热通量、储热项、表面层阻力、空气动力学阻力误差分别为5%、10%、100%、20%和20%时,对蒸散误差的贡献率分别为26.8%、5.36%、53.6%、11.11%、3.17%。在水稻移栽拔节、拔节抽穗、抽穗灌浆、成熟4个生育期,10cm土层的储热量均大于田间水层的储热量,且土层和水层储热量均随生育期推进而降低。水层储热在前两个生育期对蒸散的影响比后两个生育期大,与原始模拟值相比,前两个生育期仅考虑土壤储热修正后7:00-14:00蒸散降低幅度为0.04~0.073、0.02~0.11mm·h-1,仅考虑水层储热修正后蒸散降低幅度为0.006~0.038、0.003~0.015mm·h-1;仅考虑空气动力学阻力修正后4个生育期的蒸散值平均降低了0.00064、0.0134、0.0055、0.0024mm·h-1。

关键词: 稻田蒸散, Penman Monteith模型, 储热项, 阻力, 大气稳定度

Abstract: Based on the features of the paddy rice field environment and PenmanMonteith model,the error contribution of soil heat flux,storage heat term,surface resistance and aerodynamic resistance to the estimation of evapotranspiration were analyzed theoretically by differential error method.Then the modified PenmanMonteith model was obtained with considering soil and water heat storage,atmospheric stability correction,and its simulated values were compared with those of the original model.The results showed that in accuracy of 5% net radiation,10% soil heat flux,100% heat storage,20% surface resistance and 20% aerodynamic resistance led to 26.8%,5.36%,53.6 %,11.11% and 3.17% the error of evapotranspiration estimation according to normal ordering relationships,respectively.Heat storage of 10cm depth soil layer and water layer of paddy rice field decreased with the development of 4 growing stages including transplantingjointing stage,jointingtasseling stage,tasselingfilling stage and maturing stage.The effects of heat storage of water layer on the estimation of evapotranspiratin in the former 2 stages were greater than that of latter 2 stages.Compared with the values simulated by original model,the evapotranspiration simulated values improved 0.04-0.073,0.02-0.11mm·h-1 only with soil heat storage correction and 0.006-0.038,0.003-0.015mm·h-1 only with water heat storage correction during 7 :00-14:00.Only through aerodynamic resistance correction,the simulating error decreased 0.00064,0.0134,0.0055,0.0024mm·h-1 on average during 4 growing stages.The results could provide scientific reference so as to improve the accuracy of simulating paddy field evapotranspiration.

Key words: Paddy rice field evapotranspiration, Penman Monteith model, Heat storage, Resistance, Atmospheric stability