沙尘和遮阴复合胁迫对西梅叶片光合作用的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以5a生西梅为研究材料，对其叶片进行轻度沙尘+遮阴复合（1mg·cm-2沙尘+白色纱网1层）和重度沙尘+遮阴复合（5mg·cm-2沙尘+白色纱网3层）两种处理，分别在胁迫10、20、30和40d时测定其光合、叶绿素荧光等参数，探讨长时间沙尘和遮阴复合胁迫下西梅（Prunus domestica L．）叶片光合性能的变化机制。结果表明，两种处理下，随着胁迫时间的延长，总叶绿素（Chl）、叶绿素a（Chl-a）及叶绿素b（Chl-b）含量均表现为降低趋势。净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和气孔导度（Gs）、水分利用效率（WUE）随处理时间的延长而下降，胞间CO2浓度（Ci）呈现先下降后上升的趋势，最大荧光（Fm）、PSII最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、潜在活性（Fv/F0）、光化学淬灭（qP）呈下降趋势，初始荧光（F0）、非光学淬灭（NPQ）呈上升趋势。说明沙尘和遮阴复合处理前期气孔因素是西梅光合作用的主要限制因素，处理后期复合胁迫使光合机构受到损伤，非气孔因素成为主要限制因素。复合胁迫影响了西梅叶片的光合参数，但并未对西梅叶片光反应系统造成不可逆的破坏。

关键词: 沙尘遮阴复合胁迫, 西梅, 叶绿素含量, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光参数

Abstract:

In order to investigate the change mechanism of photosynthetic characteristics of Prunus domestica L. under long-term dust and shading combined stress, the five-year-old Prunus domestica L. was used as research material to lightly dust and shade the leaves. Composite (1mg·cm-2 dust + white gauze 1 layer) and heavy dust and shading composite (5mg·cm-2 dust + white gauze 3 layers) were treated, and their photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, etc. were measured at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days of stress, respectively. The results showed that the contents of total chlorophyll(Chl), chlorophyll a(Chl-a) and chlorophyll b(Chl-b) decreased with the increase of stress time. Net photosynthetic rate(Pn), transpiration rate(Tr) and stomatal conductance(Gs), water use efficiency(WUE) decreased with the prolongation of treatment time, and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci) showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. Fluorescence(Fm), PSII maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm), potential activity(Fv/F0), Photochemical quenching(qP) showed a downward trend, initial fluorescence(F0), Non-photochemical quenching(NPQ) increased trend. It is indicated that the stomatal factors in the early stage of sand and shading combined treatment are the main limiting factors for photosynthesis of prune. The latent treatment causes damage to photosynthetic apparatus, and non-stomatal factors become the main limiting factor. The compound stress affected the photosynthetic parameters of Prunus domestica L. leaves, but did not cause irreversible damage to the photoreaction system of Prunus domestica L. leaves.

Key words: Sand dust shading combined stress, Prunus domestica L, Chlorophyll content, Photosynthetic characteristics, Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

薛亚荣，巴特尔·巴克. 沙尘和遮阴复合胁迫对西梅叶片光合作用的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2019, 40(03): 170-179.

XUE Ya-rong, Batur BAKE. Effects of Sand Dust and Shading Combined Stress on Photosynthesis of Prunus domestica L. Leaves[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(03): 170-179.

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