Effects of Reducing Nitrogen and Biochar Application on CO2 and N2O Emissions from Summer Maize-Winter Wheat Field in North China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2016.02.001

Abstract

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted in Xinxiang, Henan province from June 2013 to June 2014. Four treatments were designed including farmers common practice (F, 250kg·ha^-1),80% F (LF, 200kg·ha^-1),80% F + biochar(LFC) and no fertilizer (CK) to measure the dynamic emissions of CO₂ and N₂O from a summer maize-winter wheat field using static chamber and gas chromatography method. The results indicated that, (1)soil CO₂ emission was 21.8-1022.7mg·m^-2·h^-1 for this agriculture system and was significantly influenced by soil temperature and moisture. Soil moisture was more important for the N₂O emissions during the summer maize growth period while N₂O emissions during winter wheat growth period was more significantly influenced by the soiltemperature. The cumulative CO₂ emissions under LF and LFC treatments were significantly lower than F treatment especially during the winter wheat growing season. (2)Soil N₂O emission was significantly influenced by fertilizer application and irrigation. N₂O emissions during the fertilization period accounted for 73.9%-74.5% and 40.5%-43.6% of cumulative N₂O emissions in summer maize and winter maize growing season, respectively. The peak of emission fluxes was primarily affected by fertilizer rate while irrigation determined the occurrence time when emissions would peak and could affect the mitigation effect of practices. Reduce the nitrogen application rate to 200kg·ha^-1 from 250kg·ha^-1 could decrease cumulative N₂O emissions by 15.7%-16.8% and 18.1%-18.5% during summer maize and winter wheat growing seasons, respectively, therefore decreasing nitrogen application is an effective N₂O mitigation practice for high-yielding and intensive farmland. Biochar application did not show no significant influence on soil N₂O mitigation of biochar application at suitable nitrogen level(200kg·ha^-1) in the short term. (3)N₂O emission factors of applied nitrogen were 0.60% and 0.56% for F and LF treatment, respectively, indicating that reducing the nitrogen application rate is an appropriate measure to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions without impact on crop yields in intensive farmlands in North China.

Key words: Nitrogen reduction, Biochar, Greenhouse gases, N₂O emissions, Winter wheat-summer maize

FAN Jing-wei，BAI Jin-hua，REN Huan-yu, HAN Xue, DIAO Tian-tian,GUO Li-ping. Effects of Reducing Nitrogen and Biochar Application on CO₂ and N₂O Emissions from Summer Maize-Winter Wheat Field in North China[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(02): 121-130.

References

[1]IPCC.Climate change 2013:the phisical science basis[R]. Cambridge,USA:Cambridge University Press, 2013. [2]国家发展和改革委员会.中国应对气候变化国家方案[R]. 2007. National Development and Reform Commission.China's national climate change program[R].2007.(in Chinese) [3]Smith P,MartinoJ D,Cai Z,et al.Climate change 2007: mitigation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2007: 499-508. [4]国家发展和改革委员会.中华人民共和国气候变化第二次国家信息通报[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2012. National Development and Reform Commission.The People's Republic of China second national communication on climate change[M].Beijing:China Economic Publishing House,2012. (in English) [5]韩广轩,周广胜,许振柱.玉米农田生态系统土壤呼吸作用季节动态与碳收支初步估算[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(5): 874-879.Han G X,Zhou G S,Xu Z Z.Seasonal dynamics of soil respiration and carbon budget of maize (Zea mays L.) farmland ecosystem[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2009,17(5):874-879.(in Chinese) [6]于贵瑞,王秋凤,刘迎春,等.区域尺度陆地生态系统固碳速率和增汇潜力概念框架及其定量认证科学基础[J].地理科学进展,2011,30(1):103-113.Yu G R,Wang Q F,Liu Y C,et al.Ceptual framework of carbon sequestration rate and potential incremen of carbon sink of regional terrestrial ecosystem and scientific basis for quantitative carbon authentification[J].Rogressin Geography, 2011,30(1):103-113.(in Chinese) [7]王小彬,武雪萍,赵全胜,等.中国农业土地利用管理对土壤固碳减排潜力的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(11):2284- 2293.Wang X B,Wu X P,Zhao Q S,et al.Effects of cropland-use management on potentials of soil carbon sequestration and carbon emission mitigation in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2011,44(11):2284-2293.(in Chinese) [8]汤勇华.中国农田化学氮肥的施用和生产中温室气体（N2O、CO2）减排潜力估算[D].南京:南京农业大学,2010.Tang Y H.Anestimate of greenhouse gas (N2O,CO2) mitigation potential in N fertilizer application and production in Chinese croplands[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University, 2010. [9]Johnson J M F,Franzluebbers A J,Weyers S L,et al. Agricultural opportunities to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions[J].Environmental Pollution,2007,150(1):107-124. [10]Snyder C S,Bruulsema T W,Jensen T L,et al.Review of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production systems and fertilizer management effects[J].Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,2009,133(3):247-266. [11]于静洁,任鸿遵.华北地区粮食生产与水供应情势分析[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(4):360-365.Yu J J,Ren H Z.Crop yield and water supply in North China[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2001,16(4):360-365. (in Chinese) [12]Zhang Y,Dore A J,MaL,et al.Agricultural ammonia emissions inventory and spatial distribution in the North China Plain[J].Environmental Pollution,2010,158(2):490-501. [13]Asing J,Saggar S,Singh J,et al.Assessment of nitrogen losses from urea and an organic manure with and without nitrification in hibitor,dicyandiamide, applied to lettuce under glasshouse conditions[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,2008,46:535-541. [14]Oenema O,Wrage N,Velthof G L,et al.Trends in global nitrous oxide emissions from animal production systems[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2005,72: 51-65. [15]杨黎.辽西地区春玉米农田N2O排放特征与固碳减排机制[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013.Yang L.Mechenism of mitigation and characteristics of N2O emissions from topical spring maize fields in western Liaoning Province[D].Beijing:The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2013.(in Chinese) [16]翟振,王立刚,李虎,等.有机无机肥料配施对春玉米农田N2O排放及净温室效应的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(12):2502-2510.Zhai Z,Wang L G,Li H,et al.Nitrous oxide emissions and net greenhouse effect from spring-maize field as influenced by combined application of manure and inorganic fertilizer[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,2013, 32(12):2502-2510.(in Chinese) [17]国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2011. National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China.China statistical yearbook[M].Beijing:China Statistics Press,2011.(in Chinese) [18]高旺盛,黄进勇,吴大付,等.黄淮海平原典型集约农区地下水硝酸盐污染初探[J].生态农业研究,1999,7(4):41-43.Gao W S,Huang J Y,Wu D F.Investigation on nitrate pollution in ground water at intensive agricultural region in Huanghe-huaihe-haihe Plain[J].Eco-agriculture Research, 1999,7(4): 41-43.(in Chinese) [19]孙艳丽,陆佩玲,李俊,等.华北平原冬小麦/夏玉米轮作田土壤N2O通量特征及影响因素[J].中国农业气象,2008,29(1):1-5.Sun Y L,Lu P L,Li J,et al.Characteristics of soil N2O flux in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in north China plain and analysis of in fluencing factors[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology,2008,29(1):1-5.(in Chinese) [20]Demirbas?A.Effects?of?temperature?and particle?size?on?biochar yield form?pyrolysis?of?agricultural?residues[J].Journal?of?Analytical?and?Applied?Pyolysis,2004,72:243-248. [21]Woolf D, Amonette E,Street-Perrott F A,et al.Sustainable biochar to mitigate global climate change[J].Nature Communications,2010,1(8):1-9. [22]张阿凤,潘根兴,李恋卿.生物黑炭及其碳汇减排与改良土壤意义[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(12):2459-2463.Zhang A F,Pan G X,Li L Q.Biochar and the effect on C stock enhancement, emission reduction of greenhouse gases and soil reclaimation[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2009,28(12):2459-2463.(in Chinese) [23]Chan K Y,Zwieten V L,et al.Using poultry litter biochars as soil amendments[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research, 2008,46:437-444. [24]Kishimoto S,Sugiura G.Charcoal as a soil conditioner[J].Int Achieve Future,1985,5:12-23. [25]Steiner C,Teixeira W G,Lehmann J,et al.Long term effects of manure:charcoal and mineral fertilization on crop production and fertility on a highly weathered central amazonian upland soil[J].Plant Soil,2007,291:275-290. [26]Zhang A F,Liu Y M,Pan G X,et al.Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain[J].Plant Soil,2011,351(1-2):263-275. [27]高德才,张蕾,刘强,等.生物黑炭对旱地土壤 CO2,CH4,N2O排放及其环境效益的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(11):3615- 3624. Gao D C,Zhang L, Liu Q,et al.Effects of biochar on CO2,CH4,N2O emission and its environmental benefits in dryland soil[J].Acat Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(11):3615- 3624.(in Chinese) [28]Okimori Y,Ogawa M,Takahashi F.Potential of CO2 emission reductions by carbonizing biomass waste from industrial tree plantation in south Sumatra, Indonesia[J].Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change,2003,8:261-280. [29]Karhu K,Mattilab T,Bergstrdma I,et al.Biochar addition to agricultural soil increased CH4 uptake and water holding capacity:results from a short-term pilot field study[J]. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,2011,140: 309-313. [30]Rondon M A,Molina D,Hurtado M,et al.Enhancing the productivity of crops and grasses while reducing greenhouse gas emission through biochar amendments to unfertile tropical soils[A].Philadelphia,USA:18th World Congress of Soil Science,2006. [31]Spokas K A,Reicosky D C.Impacts of sixteen different biochars on soil greenhouse gas production[J].Annals of Environmental Science,2009,(3):179-193. [32]Zhang A F,Cui L C,Pan G X,et al.Effect of biochar amendment on yield and methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice paddy from Tai Lake plain,China[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2010,139:469-475. [33]Marris E.Putting the carbon back:black is the new green[J]. Nature,2006,442:624-626. [34]王亮,秦玉波,于阁杰,等.新型缓控释肥的研究现状及展望[J].吉林农业科学,2008,33(4):38-42.Wang L,Qin Y B,Yu G J,et al.Current situation and prospect of studies of slow/controlled released fertilizer[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences,2008,33(4):38- 42.(in Chinese) [35]王玉英,胡春胜.施氮水平对太行山前平原冬小麦,夏玉米轮作体系土壤温室气体通量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(5):1122-1128. Wang Y Y,Hu C S.Soil greenhouse gas emission in winter wheat/summer maize rotation ecosystem as affected by nitrogen fertilization in the Piedmont Plain of Mount Taihang,China[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2011, 19(5):1122-1128.(in Chinese) [36]国家发展和改革委员会应对气候变化司.中国温室气体清单研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2014. National Development and Reform Commission Secretary for Responding to Climate Change.The People’s Republic of China national greenhouse gas inventory[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2014.(in Chinese) [37]Schulze E D,Luyssaert S,Ciais P.Importance of methane and nitrous oxide for Europe's terrestrial greenhouse-gas balance[J].Nature Geoscience,2009,(2):842-850. [38]宋利娜,张玉铭,胡春胜,等.华北平原高产农区冬小麦农田土壤温室气体排放及其综合温室效应[J] .中国生态农业学报,2013,21(3):297-307.Song L N,Zhang Y M,Hu C S,et al.Comprehensive analysis of emissions and global warming effects of greenhouse gases in winter-wheat fields in the high-yield agro-region of North China Plain[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2013, 21(3):297-307.(in Chinese) [39]徐富贤,张林,熊洪,等.冬水田杂交中稻品种适应氮肥后移的筛选指标[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(6):1329- 1337.Xu F X,Zhang L,Xiong H,et al.The criterion for the rice hybrids suitable for shifting partial nitrogen fertilizer from basal-tillering to panicle initiation in water-logged paddy fields[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2014,20(6): 1329-1337.(in Chinese) [40]王秀斌,梁国庆,周卫,等.优化施肥下华北冬小麦夏玉米轮作体系农田反硝化损失与N2O排放特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(1):48-54.Wang X B,Lang G Q,Zhou W,et al.Effect of optimized nitrogen application on denitrification losses and N2O emissions from soil in winter wheat/summer corn rotation system in North China[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2009,15(1):48-54.(in Chinese) [41]Mc Swiney C P,Robertson G P.Nonlinear response of N2O flux to incremental fertilizer addition in acontinuous maize (Zea mays L.) cropping system[J].Global Change Biology,2005,11(10):1712-1719.

Effects of Reducing Nitrogen and Biochar Application on CO₂ and N₂O Emissions from Summer Maize-Winter Wheat Field in North China

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	LI Hai-yan, LONG Yu-jiao, JIN Hong-mei, LI Hong-na, QIAN Jie-shu. Bibliometric Analysis on the Research Trends of Biochar Application in Anaerobic Digestion [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2023, 44(12): 1103-1113.
[2]	LI Shi, ZHANG Jun-hui, HU Jun-ming, ZHOU Feng-jue, LI Ting-ting, XU Mei-hua, MA Jie-ping, LU Zhan-cai. Effect of Isonitrogen Substitution for Biochar Application on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Southern No-till Early Rice Fields [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2023, 44(10): 863-875.
[3]	DAI Si-rui, LI Lian-fang, QIN Pu-feng, ZHU Chang-xiong, YE Jing, GENG Bing, LIU Xue, LI Hong-na, LI Feng. Immobilization Effect of Biochar and Lime on Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead in Soils [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2021, 42(04): 272-286.
[4]	ZHANG Feng-zhe, XIE Li-yong, ZHAO Hong-liang, JIN Dian-yu. Interactive Effects of High CO2 Concentration and Biochar Addition on Root System and Yield of Rice [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2021, 42(04): 287-296.
[5]	ZHENG Yi-min，GUO Li-ping，YANG Rong-quan，CAO Fei，NIU Xiao-guang，DIAO Tian-tian，YUN An-ping，XIE Li-yong. Analysis on the Effects of Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Emission of Nitrogen Fertilizer in an Eggplant Field on North China Plain [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(12): 747-757.
[6]	GAO Yue, ZHANG Ai-ping, DU Zhang-liu, LIU Ru-liang, HONG Yu, HU Shi-min, YANG Zheng-li. Effects of Biochar on Soil Conditions and Rice Growth in Ningxia Irrigated Area under Optimized Nitrogen Application Conditions [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(05): 327-336.
[7]	YAN Cui-xia, YANG Guo-liang, LI Dian-peng, SUN Yue-bing, HAN Dong-liang, XU Xiao-long, . Effect of Biochar Addition on Soil Respiration of Oasis Farmland in Arid Areas [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018, 39(09): 575-584.
[8]	XIE Li-yong, XU Jing, GUO Li-ping, SUN Xue, ZHAO Hong-liang, ZHENG Yi-min. Impacts of Biochar Application on CO2 and N2O Emissions from Brown Soil with Maize [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018, 39(08): 493-501.
[9]	WANG Xue-xia, GAO Qing-zhu, HASBAGAN Ganjurjav, HU Guo-zheng, LI Wen-han, LUO Wen-rong. Response of Greenhouse Gases Emission Fluxes to Long-term Warming in Alpine Meadow of Northern Tibet [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018, 39(03): 152-161.
[10]	XIAO Jian-nan, ZHANG Ai-ping, LIU Ru-liang, YANG Zheng-li. Effects of Biochar Application on the Losses of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Surface Water of Paddy Field [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2017, 38(03): 163-171.
[11]	GAO Lin, PAN Zhi-hua, YANG Shu-yun, WANG Li-wei, XU Hui, DONG Zhi-qiang,ZHANG Jing-ting, HUANG Lei, ZHAO Hui, ZHANG Jun, PAN Yu-ying, HAN Guo-lin, FAN Dong-liang, WANG Jia-lin, WU Dong. Effects of Carbon Source and Bacillus megaterium on Soil Microbial Environment and N2O, CH4 Emission [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(06): 645-653.
[12]	ZHAO Xun, GUO Li-ping, XIE Li-yong, SUN Xue, ZHAO Hong-liang, XU Jing, PAN Shi-mei. Impacts of Different Farming Managements on N₂O Emission and Carbon Footprint for Maize from Brown Soil [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(03): 270-280.
[13]	ZHANG Xing, LIU Xing-ren, LIN Guo-lin, ZHANG Qing-wen, ZHANG Qing-zhong,WANG Qin. Effects of Biochar and Straw Return on Mineral Nitrogen and pH of the Surface Soil in Farmland of the North China Plain [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(02): 131-142.
[14]	ZHANG Xing, ZHANG Qing-wen, LIU Xing-ren, XU Ying-chun，REN Jian-qiang. Effects of Biochar on the Key Soil Nitrogen Transformation Processes in Agricultural Soil [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2015, 36(06): 709-716.
[15]	HUI Jinzhuo，ZHAGN Aiping，LIU Ruliang，WANG Yongsheng，CHEN Zhe，YANG Zhengli. Effects of Biochar on Soil Nutrients and Nitrogen Leaching in Anthropogenic Alluvial Soil [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2014, 35(02): 156-161.