Effect of Solarization with Black Plastic Mulching on Soil Temperature
LIU Xiao-ying~1,LIU Pei-jun~2, MA Chun-sen~1, YANG xiu~1 (1.Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable development, CAAS, Beijing 100081; 2. Agricultural Bureau of Huimin)
2004, 25(03):
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Based on experiment conducted in the greenhouse during 2, August to 10, Sep 2002 in Huimin, Shandong province,the paper studied the effect of black plastic mulching on soil temperature. Results showed that the black plastic mulching improved the soil temperature of 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm depths to 30.4-48.6℃, 29.9-43.4℃, 30.2-39.3℃, 31.3-36.6℃, 29.8-33.4℃, 29.0-31.9℃,increased 4.8-13.0℃, 4.1-10.1℃, 4.4-9.0℃, 3.5-6.4℃, 2.7-5.1℃, 1.7-4.2℃ compared with the CK(un-mulched). The mulching effect decreased with the increase of soil depth. In terms of duration, mulching in an extremely clear day will have a much better effect on soil temperature than that in an ordinary day; During the whole mulching period, the cumulative hours of temperature higher than 40℃-48℃ (1 ℃ interval) 5cm soil depth are 173.2h, 133.0h, 98.3h, 57.3h, 29.5h, 12.3h, 7.5h, 5.0h, 2.0h respectively. The cumulative hours higher than 40℃-43℃ in 10cm are respectively 32.7h, 11.5h, 6.8h and 3.0h. The cumulative hours higher than 34℃-39℃ in 15cm are respectively 289.8h, 198.5 h, 106.7h, 39.7h, 10.3h and 3.8h. The cumulative hours higher than 34℃-36℃ in 20cm are respectively142.8h, 43.3h and 3.7h. Below 20cm, soil temperature cannot reach 34℃. At the depth of 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm in an extremely clear day, the soil temperature can be 1.6, 1.45, 1.3, 1.15, 1.03 and 0.96 times as many as that in an extremely cloudy day. Mulching also increased the value of temperature difference, which was 5.1-20.6℃, 3.2-14.2℃, 2.8-11.3℃, 2.5-6.2℃, 1.7-3.6℃, 0.9 -2.3℃ at 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm respectively, decreasing with soil depth. Among which, the difference ranged 15.0-20.6℃ at 5cm and 10.0-14.2℃ at 10cm accounted for 85% and 82.5% of the mulched period. It was concluded that satisfactory control for soil born disease will be achieved at 0-20cm soil depth.
