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Table of Content

    10 June 2003, Volume 24 Issue 03
    论文
    Climate Adaptability and Favorable Planting Division of Lily in Central Parts of Gansu Province
    CHEN Yan-hua, SHI Bao-xiu, SIE Ling, QI Shi-fu (Lanzhou Meteorlogical Bureau,Lanzhou 730020,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Qilihe District)
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    The climate adaptablility and the effects of geographic and climatic factors on the production of lily( Lilium davidii Duchartre)were analyzed in the Central Parts of Gansu Province.The Indexes for favorable planting division of lily were determined . The favorable planting divisions at the level of communes for the Central Parts of Gansu Province were conducted.
    Analysis on the Meteorological Conditions of Winter Maize Productionin Guangdong Province
    DONG Yong-chun, HUANG Guang-min, WANG Guang-lun, TU Yue-xian ( Information Center for Meteorological Science and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510080, China; Center of Climate and Agro-meteorology of Guangdong)
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    The bumper light and thermal resources in the most regions of Guangdong Province provided a certain guarantee for the maize ( Zea mays L. ) planting in winter. The main meteorological disaster, which affects the maize production in winter cropping, is the cold injury by low temperature. Based on data of geographic sowing time of winter maize during 1996 ~ 1998 and meteorological data in Guangdong Province, the relationship between the growth, development and yields of winter maize and the meteorological conditions was analyzed. The strategies and measures for increasing and stabilizing winter maize yields were put forward.
    Climatic Feasibility of Brazilian Upland Rice (IAPAR9) introduced Planting in Double Cropping in Guangxi
    HE Yan,WU Yi-jie (Meteorological Observatory of Guangxi, Nanning 530022,China)
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    Based on the biological characters and the demanded climate conditions of Brazilian upland rice(IAPAR9) ,the climatic feasibility of Brazilian upland rice introduced planting in double cropping in Guangxi was analyzed. It was concluded that Brazilian upland rice is not suitable to plant in double cropping in the most regions of Guangxi. According to the above, the countermeasures for decision-making of extending Brazilian upland rice in Guangxi were put forward.
    Developing the Flower Industry by Reasonably Utilizing Climatic Resources in Guangzhou
    LUO Sen-bo ,OU Shan-guo,LUO Qiu-hong,TU Yue-xian (Guangzhou Meteorological Bureau,Guangzhou 510080,China;Guangdong Agrometeorological Centre)
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    Advantages and disadvantages of climatic resources for developing flower industry in Guangzhou were analyzed. According to these characteristics, the strategies and suggestions of developing the flower industry by reasonably utilizing climatic resources were put forward in order to trend advantage and avoid disadvantage.
    Influence of Climatic Conditions on Licorice Growth and Planting Division of Licorice in Hexi Corridor
    LI Lin,TIAN Qing-ming,WEI Ke-xin,LIANG Ping (Meteorological Bureau of Jiuquan, Jiuquan 735000, China)
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    Based on the field experiments for artificial planting of Licorice( Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)during 1992 - 2002 in the Hexi corridor, Gansu province, the influence of climatic conditions on Licorice growth were analyzed. The result showed that the thermal condition was a restricting factor to Licorice yield in this region. The seeds of Licorice germinated when average daily air temperature reached at 10℃ ;The plants revived while ≥10℃ accumulated temperature was about 250℃ ;The seeds could mature only when ≥ 15℃ accumulated temperature reached at 2200 - 2300℃ between the periods of reviving and the beginning of seeds maturing. According to these indexes suitable divisions for Licorice planting at the different elevations were determined and it will provide meteorological basis for building artificial planting base of Licorice root.
    Study on the Temporal and Spatial Changes of Surplus - deficit Status of Soil Water Storage Capacity in Farmland in Heilongjiang Province
    ZHAO Xiu-lan ,ZOU Li-yao ( Meteorological Network Center of Heilongjiang Province, Haroin 150030,China; Meteorological Center of Heilongjiang Province)
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    Based on the measured soil water data in the farmland in 33 stations in Heilongjiang Province over the last 20 years, the temporal and spatial changes of the surplus - deficit status of soil water storage were described. The results showed that the soil water storage in 0- 50cm during the growing periods was surplus in the East Parts of the Province, but deficit in the West Parts of the Province. The soil water storage had a relative big surplus in the East Parts of the Province in spring and autumn, while the differences between maximum surplus and deficit were also big; The soil water storages were not only surplus in the East Parts of the Province and deficit in the West Parts of the Province, but also with larger deficit region and more deficit, while the differences between maximum surplus and deficit were reduced. The soil water storage in the deep soil was relative steady. The vertical change of the surplus- deficit indexes of soil water storage depended upon soil texture.
    Evolution of Agrometeorological Index of Winter Wheat in Huanghuaihai Region
    LIU Ling,LIU Jian-dong, YU Qiang ,BI Jian-jie, FAN Guang-hua, MAO Fei ( Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Instiute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources, CAS; Shandong Agricultural University)
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    Twelve typical winter wheat varieties in different decades in Huanghuaihai region were selected for measuring the leaf photosynthesis rate, the ratio of dry matter per leaf area and optical characteristics under suitable soil moisture and temperature conditions. The maximum photosynthesis rate of each variety was given in this paper. The result showed that it is not suitable to quote the parameters directly from foreign literatures as the basic parameters in the Chinese crop models. A set of basic parameters for the crop model was available in this research, which will provide premise for simulating winter wheat yield with crop models in the future.
    Studies on Critical Periods of Temperature and Its Temperature Indexes Determining Bumper and Fail Year of Rice Yield in the Autonomous Region of Ningxia
    ZHANG Quan-wu, QI Wei, GENG Wan-cheng, MA Jian-ping (Ningxia Nanliang State Farm, Yinchuan 750015,China)
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    The relationship between yields in bumper and fail year and the accumulated temperature in the different growing periods of rice ( Oryza sativa) was analyzed in the irrigated areas of Ningxia. The results showed that the critical period of temperature determining bumper or fail year of rice yield in the irrigated areas of Ningxia was from flowering to early grain filling (11th - 31st, August) . The temperature indexes (equivalences) during that period were 440℃ of accumulated temperature and 21℃ of average daily temperature determined by using meteorological equivalent method. The results will provide a scientific basis for the rice breeding and production in the irrigated areas of Ningxia.
    Analysis of migration pathways of windborne rice planthoppers by 850hPa winds
    FENG Chuan-hong, ZHAI Bao-ping, CHEN Qing-hua, TANG Jin-yi ( Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Management of Chinese Agricultural Ministry, Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sichuan Plant ProtectionStation; Institute of Plant Protection, SichuanAcademy of Agricultural Sciences; Pest Forecasting Division, National Agro- Technique Extension and Service Center)
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    In order to analyze the pathways of migrating rice planthoppers ( Nilaparvata lugens , Sogatella fercifera ) and to find out their resource areas, a method based on other trajectory analysis models was put forward to calculate accurate migration pathways of rice planthoppers. The result that was calculated with actual meteorological data indicated that the method is a useful trajectory analysis tool for insect migration researches and inter-regional pest forecasting practice.
    A Climatologic Method to Determine Sowing Time Interval in Seed Production of Two - line Hybrid Rice Liangyou Peijiu
    SONG Yu-zhi, JIANG Ling-mei, YAO Ke-min (Department of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, China)
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    Based on fertility conversion index of sterile female parent AP64S, whose sterile character was induce by sensitivity to light and temperature, and the data of day-to-day temperature and theoretical daytime from 1951 to 1992 in twelve regions in one rice cropping zone in the South of China, a climatic method to determine sowing time interval in seed production of two-line hybrid rice Liangyou Peijiu (AP64S/9311) was developed. In terms of production characteristics of two-line hybrid rice, the seasonal changes of the steady and optimal sterile periods of AP64S in the different regions were firstly confirmed. The seasonal changes of the sowing time interval of parents in the seed production were then calculated by using model of rice growth and development period. This study provided a method to determine the regions and the sowing time intervals in seed production of two-line hybrid rice.
    Study on Utilization of Climatic Resource and Analysis of Ecological Climate Conditions of Spring Wheat in Middle Region of Gansu Province
    ZHU Guo-qing, SHI Jie ,LI Shi-long ( Dingxi Agrometeorological Testing station of Cansu Province, dingxi 743000, China; Linxia Meteorological Bureau of gansu Province)
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    Using method of integral regression, the relation between the yield of spring wheat and climate condition in the middle of Gansu province was analyzed, and climate - yield model was established. Based on this the ways of enhancing climatic resource utilizing efficiency in this area was put forward.
    Study On Effects Of Cotton Mulched With Super - Wide Film
    ZHU De-ming (The 3 corps of Agriculture -1 division product construct corps in Sinkiang, Akesu 843011, China)
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    The soil temperature, growth term and yield of cotton mulched with 3 sizes of plastic film were observed. Com pared with narrow film(60cm wide) and wide film( 140cm wide), the super- wide plastic(225cm) can obviously improve cotton field's soil temperature during April to May, at which there is colder in cotton region in Sinkiang. The result is that 5cm and 10cm soil temperature under film increase 3.8℃ and 0.8℃, and 3.4℃ and 0.7℃ respectively. So the cotton mulched with super-wide film can be planted ahead of schedule, and seedling early and speed up its growth.
    A Study on Index of Monitoring for Xerothermic Wind Disaster of Spring Wheat in the Irrigated Areas of Ningxia
    LIU Jing, MA Li-wen, ZHANG Xiao-yu, LIU Yu-lan, WU Wan-li, SUN Yin-chuan (Ningxia Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Yinchuan 750002, China)
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    Based on observation data of xerothermic wind disaster of spring wheat for 20 years and statistical data of yields for 50 years, and combined with historic disaster records for 50 years in Ningxia, a series of xerothermic wind indices of spring wheat was determined by using the method of clustering analysis sieving step by step and yield segregated step by step in the irrigated areas of Ningxia. The Results would have provided a basis for estimating yield losses of spring wheat suffered from xerothermic wind disaster.
    Microclimatic Effects of Different Management Practices in Winter Wheat in the Semi-arid Areas of Northern China
    ZHANG Shu-xia, ZHONG Yang-he, WEI Shu-qiu (College of Resource and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China)
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    A field study was conducted to evaluate microclimatic effects of furrow drilling and bunch sowing mulched with plastic film during winter of 1997 - 1998. The results indicated that the average 3cm minimum soil temperature during overwintering was higher 1.5℃ by furrow drilling and 0.6- 0.7℃ by bunch sowing mulched with plastic film than traditional practice respectively. The depth of dry soil during green period was lower 0.4cm by furrow drilling and 0.2cm and by bunch sowing mulched with plastic film than traditional practice respectively. Bunch sowing mulched with plastic film had wind resistant effect. The wind velocity was reduced by 0.79m/s in south-north-line-furrow drilling and by 0.94m/s in eas-west-line-furrow drilling. The microclimatic effects of different management practices were beneficial to growth and reviving of winter wheat. The survival percentage of winter wheat during reviving period was 37.9% higher by furrow drilling and 11. 3% higher by bunch sowing mulched with plastic film than traditional practice respectively. The yield was 128kg/(667m2) higher by furrow drilling and 118.5kg/(667m2) higher by bunch sowing mulched with plastic film than traditional practice respectively. The maturing date of both furrow drilling and bunch sowing mulched with plastic film was 8 days earlier than traditional practice.
    A Review of Drought Remote Sensing Monitoring Methods by Using NOAA/AVHRR Data in China
    LI Xing-min, ZHENG You-fei, LIU An-lin (Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,Nanjing 210044,China; Shaanxi Remote Sensing Information Center for Agriculture)
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    Remote sensing technique has superiority in monitoring soil moisture and drought. The thermal inertia and vegetation index methods have been used in covered and uncovered vegetation since 1980' s. Some kinds of monitoring drought methods were studied in China. Good service effects were acquired by applying these methods in the different areas. In this paper, these methods were summarized and the development trends of drought remote sensing monitoring were introduced.
    Experimental Studies on the Orderliness of Water Requirement and Irrigating Effects of Maize in Yunnan
    BAI Shu-ming, HUANG Zhong-yan, WANG Yu ( Yunnan irrigative and hydroelectric Institute, Kunming 650228, China; Yunnan Agrometeorological Center; Yunnan Meteorological Observatory)
    2003, 24(03):  . 
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    Based on filed experiments of controlling water during seedling session and of water requirement of maize growth, the influence of soil moisture and irrigation on seedling rate, surviving rate, the number of resultful plants, and the economical turnout characters of maize were analyzed. Average daily crop water requirement and crop coefficient were given out. It was concluded that irrigation or abundant rainfall within seedling session could ensure adequate number of resultful seedlings and hasten the nutrition growth; Under the condition of sufficient sunshine but lacking water, the benefit of increasing yield by irrigation is obvious, while under the condition of little influence of irrigation, it is not.
    Influence of Climate Factors During Grain Filling Process on Yield and Protein Content in Different Types of Grain Quality of Spring Wheat Ⅲ .The Influence of Light Intensity
    SUN Van - kun, WANG Li-juan, YAN Hong (Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030,China;Dalian University)
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    Three spring wheat varieties in different types of grain quality were treated with the light interception during grain filling process. The results showed that the grain yields of all three varieties increased as the light intensity strengthened, while the grain protein contents of all three varieties decreased with strengthening of the light intensity. The grain protein content was diluted by reason of the increased grain yield.