Table of Content

10 February 2002, Volume 23 Issue 01

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The Climatical Analysis of Reasonable Planting Proportion of Grain and Oil Crop in East Areas of Gansu

WAN Xin, HAN Yong-xiang, YIN Dong, ZHANG Jin-ping (Lanzhou Arid Meteorological Institute,Lanzhou Gansu 730020)

2002, 23(01):  . 

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The precipitation key period of time on yield are found by analyzing the precipitation effect of increase and reduction of crops including summer grain crops, autumn crops and oil crops. Based on the above results,the reasonable planting proportion scheme of crops is recommended.

Analysis and Divisions of Meteorological Conditions in Litchi Production in Guangdong

ZHI Shi-qun 1,ZHOU Shi-huai 1, ZHANG Yu 2 (1.Guangdong Institute for Application of Climate, Guangzhou 510080; 2.Zhanjiang Meteorological Office)

2002, 23(01):  . 

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Based on the analysis of meteorological conditions in litchi production in Guangdong, the paper puts forward that if the climate in winter is dry and there is a period of microthermal climate below 10℃ of low temperature, and the period appears ahead of the middle ten-days of January in the warmer winter, litchi can differentiate successfully. The division in litchi production in Guangdong was done at the same time.

A Study of Maize Cultivation with Perforated Film Mulching in Dry Lands

LIU Gui-feng 1,CAO Cang-lin 1,GAO De-jin 1,QIAO Jian-qing 1,CHI Bao-liang 2 (1.Sorghum Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuci 030600; 2.Dryland Agricultural Research Centre, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

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The experiments were conducted in Yuci city, central of Shanxi Province, where is a dry-land farming hilly area, during 1998～1999.The results show that Maize cultivation covering with perforated film in dry lands displayed apparently the effects of water penetration, water maintenance, and temperature increase. Compared the covering with the ordinary plastic film and nocovering the soil accumulated temperature increased by 75℃·d and 252℃·d; the soil water content increased by 4.3%～19.7% and 1.5%～16.7%; the yield of maize increased by 4.1%～5.0% and 46.8%～96.5% respectively.

Study on Winter Light-Temperature Characters of Sunlight Energy-Saving Greenhouse in Heilongjiang Province

SHEN Neng-zhan 1, REN Hong-yu 1, CHEN Ke-nong 2,LI Shu-min 1 (1.Environment & Resource College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, 150030; 2.Horticulture College, Northeast Agriculture University)

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The systematic observation on winter light-temperature characters of 98-Ⅰ and 98-Ⅱ sunlight energy-saving greenhouse in Harbin region. The correlated light-temperature indexes were selected and the light-temperature distribution in energy-saving greenhouse were comparatively analyzed. Resuts indicated that the elevated light-temperature effect of 98-Ⅰand 98-Ⅱis very distinct. It can efficiently utilize light-temperature resources in area of high latitudes in winter. In addition, more work should be done to solve the problems in improving temperature effect in sunlight energy-saving greenhouse, providing scientific basis for vegetables production in winter in 44°N north latitude cold zone.

A Study on The Relationship between the Index of Spring Drought and Winter Wheat Output in South Gansu and its Prediction

XIAO Zhi-qiang,SHANG Xue-jun,FAN Ming,SHEN Dong-mei (Longnan Meteorological Bureau,Wudu Gansu 746000)

2002, 23(01):  . 

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Drought is the main disastrous element influencing winter wheat output in South Gansu.Based on agricultural meteorological factors during the critical period of winter wheat growth,the index of spring drought was adopted.After analyzing annual change of the index and its effect on winter wheat output,according to the prediction model of the mean generating function,the index and the winter wheat output have been predicted.The result of prediction is accurate after tests from 1999 to 2000.

A Study of Climatic Classification for Broad Bean in the Middle Gansu Province

YAO Yu-bi,ZHU Guo-qing, LI Qiao-zheng,WANG Li-ren (Meteorological bureau of Dingxi district, Gansu province, Dingxi 743000)

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Ten climatic factors of 22 stations in the middle Gansu were analysed with EOF method. The climatic classification index for broad bean was determined. Five types of climatic areas for broad bean in the middle Gansu were classified with fuzzy classification method.

The relationship between apple production and rainfall and the compensation irrigation period in North ShaanXi and Weibei

MA Xiao-yi 1,WANG Wen-e 1,KANG Shao-zhong 1, ZHAO Yan-feng 1,LI Kun 2 ,WANG Feng-xiang 2 (1.Institute of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering, Northwest Agricultural & Forestry Sci-tech University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100;2.Resources Depar

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Based on analysis of the regional feature of weather and soil moisture deficiency, the integeral function of production typical counties and the effects of rainfall on apple production in different districts were studied. The optimal compensation irrigation periods of apple orchard in different districts were determined.

The Influence of Flood and Drought on the Rural Economy and its Protective Countermeasures in Hengyang

LIU Lan-fang (The Department of resource environment and travel Management, Hengyang Normal University,Hunan Hengyang 421008)

2002, 23(01):  . 

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Waterlogging and drought disaster database of Hengyang is established based on the long time sequenced waterlogging and drought materials.Based on this database, correlation analysis concerning the waterlogging and drought in Hengyang was conducted using GIS technique and optimization analysis. The educed result show that the disasters have obvious seasonal regional and continuous characters and so on. So the effects of some factors such as the atmospheric circumfluence, landform, man-made factors on waterlogging and drought disasters were analyzed systematically. Consequently the influence of waterlogging and drought on the rural economy is analyzed. In the last the disaster relieve countermeasures are put forward.

Correlation Analysis of Temperature and Agronomic Characters of Ratooning Rice

REN Tian-ju 1,WANG Pei-hua 1,DUAN Ji-wen 2,LI Shi-hua 2,TANG Qian-guo 3 (1.Chongqing Ratoon Rice Research Centre,Yongchuan 402160;2. Chongqing Yubeiqu Agrotechnique Advice Station;3. Chongqing Meteorological Bureau)

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During 1987～1988,two hybrid rices-Shanyou 63 and Gangai 63 were planted as middle rice on the same altitude of 250～450m in Yubeiqu District of Chongqing,The ratoon rices grew at different natural temperatures. The results showed: the mean daily temperature decreased gradually with the altitude increasing progressively in the ratooning reason. The correlations between mean daily temperature and the 1000-grain-weight and growth duration of ratooning rice were significantly negative. Mean daily temperature showed significant correlation with agronomic characters such as the number of ratooning seedling,valid panicle,plant height,panicle length, grains per panicle,plump grains per panicle,seed setting rate ,and output per square;The correlations between mean daily temperature in the period of ratooning seedling and heading or florescence, and grain yield per ha were also significantly positive .It was concluded that the superior limit is about 340m altitude for planting ratooning rice to obtain stable higher yield in Chongqing by using the varieties of middle-late hybrid rice, the corresponding mean yearly temperature is 17.8℃,and the mean daily temperature between the first day with the temperature of 10℃ and the final day with the temperature of ≥22℃ continued for 5 days is 22.8℃.

Analysis of Disasters Influencing Paddy Yield in Yunnan

ZHOU Li-yun (Yunnan Provincial Agrometeorological Center, Kunming 650034)

2002, 23(01):  . 

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Meteorological disasters influencing the paddy yield in Yunnan were analyzed. It is indicated that drought in early summer and low temperature in August are the major ones. The former could influence the transplanting time and area. Low termperature in August is the main factor of low yield of rice.Based on numerical modeling analysis with integral regression, the following conclusions were drawn: Air temperature was the primary climatic factor impacting rice yield in Yunnan. The period from the heading stage to milk ripe stage was the key period during which air temperature had the maximum effect on the yield. The influencial region, light and heavy damage region caused by low temperature in August were discussed.

A Summary of Research on the Effects of Enhanced Ultraviolet Radiation on field ecosystems

HE Yu-hong, ZHENG You-fei, HE Dou-liang (Naijing Institute of Metorology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210044)

2002, 23(01):  . 

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The results of studies show that enhanced Ultraviolet radiation (UV-B, radiation, broad band, 280～400nm) on earth surface could produce negative effects on creature and would be bound to impact on ecosystems. This paper briefs influence of enhanced Ultraviolet radiation on field ecosystems(mainly wheat-field ecosystems) from three different angles. Three different angles are plant canopy, other creature and field climatic system.

Influence of Temperature and Concentration of CO_2 on Crop Respiration

LIU Jian-dong 1,WANG Ji-shun 2,YU-Qiang 2,BI Jiang-jie 3 (1 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081;2.Yucheng Experimental Station; 3.Shandong Agricultural University)

2002, 23(01):  . 

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Respiration of summer maize, cotton and soybean was measured with CID portable photosynthetic system in HuangHuaiHai region. The results showed that respiration increased with the rising of temperature, and the respiration of soybean is more sensitive. Respiration decreased with the increase of CO 2 concentration. Corresponding models were established in the paper, which will provide preliminary theoretic method for monitoring crop respiration at night in HuangHuaiHai Region.