Table of Content

10 February 1998, Volume 19 Issue 01

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A Study of Fuzzy Comprehensive Judgement Method of Regional Flood Disaster in Jiangxi Province

Wei Li Wang Baosheng (Agrometeorological Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330046)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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Six important grain producing counties in Jiangxi Province were used as representatives, the factors of the moist index, effective irrigation area, NDVI changes, meteorological yield and water area changes etc, were chosen, and a fuzzy comprehensive judgement method was emploied for assessment of flood disasters of early rice. The method for calculation of the losses caused by disasters was also proposed.

Analysis on the Meteorological Factors Causing Heavy Yield Decrease of Longan and Litchi and the Preventive Strategies

Zhong Siqiang Su Weijia Huang Zaimeng Deng Jiusheng Huang Shuchang (Guangxi A&M Vocational University, Nanning 530227)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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Low temperature in inflorescencing time and hot dry weather in blossoming time are the critical factors caused heavy yield decrease of Longan ( Euphoria Longana Stead) and Litchi ( Litchi chinensis Sonn) in 1996. In the radiation weather in which the minimum air temperature (MAT) is below 0℃ and the minimum landsurface temperature (MLT) is below -2℃, the seedlings and young shoots of longan and litchi are injured to different degrees by freeze; and in the weather in which MAT is below -2℃ and MLT is -4℃, most stems of trees are frozen to death. In cold weather in which the accumulated harmful temperature (<12℃) (AHT) from December to next March is >80℃·d and one of the AHT is >45℃·d, inflorescences and young shoots are easily injured to death. During the blossoming period, hot dry weather caused poor pollination and fertilization and consequently resulted in fruits blasting. So, better cultivars popularization, strong production management and necessary counter measures, are the strategies to resolve the above problems.

Drought Forecast Service in Summer in Nantong City

Fan Dexin Cheng Limin Zhong Bingfeng Cui Chengbin Zhang Sujiang (Nantong Meteorological Bureau, Jiangsu Province, Nantong 226006)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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Through analysis of the data of soil moisture contents collected from all meteorological observatories, stations and sentries of Nantong city, the model for forecasting of drought in summer in each agricultural area was obtained. According to the forecast results, the water regime of the farmland can be determined and the irrigation amounts under the drought conditions can be calculated.

The Development and Application of Agro meteorological Information System

Wang Rongtang Zhang Zuxin Chen Baihan (depterment of Agronomy, Hubei Agricultural College, Jingzhou City 434103)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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Agro meteorological information system, comprising, database modules, application progrom modules, image processing modules, etc., was developed by adopting the method of rapid analysis and constructing prototype. This system has some functions, such as data searching, meteorological analysis, and image processing, etc.

Effects of Climatic Change on Forest Ecosystems and Research Strategy for the Future

Xiao Yang Guo JinpingTian Shuangbao(Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801)(Forestry Bureau of Taiyuan City)Xue Junjie (Shanxi Agricultural University)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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Based on the background of systematic analyses and discussions on global climatic changes, the major achievements in researches on the climatic changes in China in recent decades, especially in recent years were described comprehensively. The future probable changes of climate pattern in China were outlined according to general, scattered, and sometimes even contradictory, research information. The effects of climatic changes on forest ecosystems and on the aspects of Net Primary Productivity (NPP), geographical distribution, systematic structure, biodiversity, Ecotone and special habitates of forest ecosystems were emphatically analyzed. At the same time, the present situation, main results and future development tendency of the reaserach field on the effects of climatic changes were discussed, and the key problems which should be emphasized were pointed out. Finally, research strategy and approaches to resolve the problems were proposed for future improvement of researches on climatic changes and their effects on China.

Experimental Tests on the Losses of Chinese Cabbage Due to Waterlogging in Summer Vegetable Slack in Shanghai

Wang Zhilan Yang Qiuzhen Tan Jianguo Li Jun (Shanghai Meteorological Institute, Shanghai 200030)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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Abstract Tests on the losses of inundated Chinese Cabbage caused by heavy precipitation during the summer vegetable slack season in 1996 in Shanghai were made. the results indicated that the losses due to disasters relate to three factors i.e., the leaf ages, the length of inundated time and the mean temperature during the waterlogged term. Finally, the mathmatical statistic model has been set up, the computation results showed that the simulated errors were only 0.2%-6.0%.

A Study of the Effects of Concret Mulching on Movement of Soil Water and Salt in Salinized Region

Mao Xuesen (Institute of Agricultural Modernization, CAS, Shijiazhuang 050021)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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The effects of concret mulching on evaporation, transpiration, evapotranspiration, soil salt, yields of cotton and corn, water use efficiency were studied by field experiments. The resuls showed that concret mulching effectively increased transpiration, yield and water use efficiency, greatly reduced soil evaporation loss and the amplitude of water content variations and controlled soil salt accumulation on surface.

The Effect of Temperature on the Growth and Development, the Yield and Quality of Panax quinquefolium L.

Ye Dianxiu Xiao Yongquan Guo Zhaoxia Sun Zhixue (Shaanxi Meteorological Institute, Xi’an 710015) Lei Zhiping Zhou Weihong (Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau, Xi’an 710015)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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The effect of temperature on the growing period, the yield and quality of P.quinquefolium L. was studied. The results show that the optimum temperature is 14￣18℃ for plant growth and is 12 4￣13.2℃ for root growth of P. quinquefolium L. The Qinling mountain area where the mean temperature in growing season is over 17.5℃ is advantageous to blossom and fruit bearing, but is not good enough to root growth. It can be used as a base area for seed production. The area where the mean temperature is 12.4￣16.0℃ during the growing seasons is beneficial to root growth and the area can be used as a commodity ginseng base. In the area of low elevation, P. quinquefolium L. shoud be planted in the northeast and northwest slope. In the area of high elevation it may be planted in every slope and plain in Qinling mountain.

Assesment and Analysis of Chilling Damage in South China

Ai Wanxu Yang YiwenWu Kongrong(National Climate Centre, Beijing 100081)(Fujian Meteorological Station)

1998, 19(01):  . 

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Based on Feng’s method for assessment of chilling damage in autumn (the common saying is Wind at Cold Dews) in south China, data of day to day temperature collected from 34 stations in Hua Nan reaches and Middle Lower reaches of Yangtzi river during September and October in 1961-1993, were calculated and analysed. The results showed that the chilling damage in autumn had some notable characteristics, such as the high rate of occurrence, long period of influence, large areas of damage, complicated expression, and serious consequences, etc. The result of the chilling damage is related to the general atmosphere circulation and temperature changes in autumn in China.