中国农业气象 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 739-750.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2018.11.005

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同品种葡萄叶片光合特性对干旱胁迫的响应及旱后恢复过程

朱雨晴,杨再强   

  1. 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044
  • 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2018-11-13
  • 作者简介:朱雨晴(1993-)女,硕士生,研究方向为设施农业气象。E-mail:2806217750@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2015693)

Photosynthetic Responses of Different Grape Cultivars to Drought Stress and Their Recovery after Drought

ZHU Yu-qing, YANG Zai-qiang   

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Online:2018-11-20 Published:2018-11-13

摘要: 以设施葡萄品种“巨峰”和“夏黑”为试材,设置5个不同的干旱胁迫组:T1(干旱胁迫3d),T2(干旱胁迫6d),T3(干旱胁迫9d),T4(干旱胁迫12d)和T5(干旱胁迫15d),以正常水分处理组为CK(土壤相对含水率70%~80%),研究干旱胁迫下葡萄叶片的光合荧光参数变化,以及不同程度干旱胁迫后水分恢复处理下的叶片恢复情况。结果表明:干旱可降低葡萄叶片的光合参数和荧光参数,且巨峰的变化幅度大于夏黑。在15d的干旱胁迫中,巨峰的光合参数下降70%~90%,夏黑下降60%~80%;葡萄叶片的荧光参数中,F0随着干旱胁迫的加剧而显著上升,而qP、Fv/Fm、ETR和ΦPSⅡ则随着干旱胁迫加剧而降低。其中巨峰叶片的ΦPSⅡ、qP和ETR在15d的干旱胁迫中分别下降40.63%、43.24%和57.71%,F0上升48.27%。夏黑叶片的ΦPSⅡ、qP和ETR在15d的干旱胁迫中分别下降26.38%、40.00%和59.69%,F0则上升50.19%。葡萄叶片的旱后恢复过程,在胁迫程度较轻时(T1-T4),夏黑叶片的光合参数恢复能力大于巨峰,胁迫程度较重(T5)时则相反;两个葡萄品种荧光参数的恢复程度差异不显著。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 净光合速率, 气孔导度, 蒸腾速率, 荧光参数

Abstract: In order to clarify the change of photosynthesis fluorescent parameters of grape leaves under drought stress, and their recovery under water treatment processing after different degree of drought stresses, taking the facility grape varieties “Kyoho” and “Summer Black” as test materials, authors conducted 5 different drought stress groups: T1 (drought stress 3d), T2 (drought stress 6d), T3 (drought stress 9d), T4 (drought stress 12d) and T5 (drought stress 15d), and taking the normal water treatment group as CK (relative moisture content of soil 70%? 80%). The results showed that the drought stress reduced photosynthetic parameters and fluorescence of grape leaf blades, and the amplitude of variation of Kyoho was larger than that of Summer Black. With 15d drought stress, photosynthetic parameter of Kyoho declined by 70%?90%, and Summer Black declined by 60%?80%. As for the fluorescence parameters in grape leaf blades, F0 increased significantly as the aggravation of drought stress, while qP, Fv/Fm, ETR, ΦPSⅡ decreased. Wherein, the ΦPSⅡ, qP, and ETR of Kyoho declined by 40.63%, 43.24%, and 57.71% respectively, while F0 increased by 48.27% under 15d drought stress. The ΦPSⅡ, qP and ETR of Summer Black declined by 26.38%, 40.00% and 59.69% respectively, while F0 increased by 50.19% under 15d drought stress. In terms of the recovery procedure after drought stress, the photosynthetic parameter recovery capability of Summer Black was greater than that of Kyoho under the comparatively low degree of stress (T1-T4), and the situation was opposite when the stress degree was high (T5). The difference of recovery level of fluorescence parameter in the two varieties was not significant.

Key words: Drought stress, Net photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance, Transpiration rate, Fluorescence parameters