中国农业气象

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气温及降水变化对江苏省典型农业区冬小麦、水稻生育期的影响

陈书涛;王让会;许遐祯;项瑛;陈海山;   

  1. 南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院;江苏省气候中心;南京信息工程大学大气科学学院;
  • 出版日期:2011-04-10 发布日期:2011-04-10
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41005088);; 上海市气象局科技开发项目“气候变化对江苏省农业的影响评估”(CCFS-09-10)

Impacts of Variations in Air Temperature and Precipitation on the Growth Stages of Winter Wheat and Rice in Typical Agricultural Zones of Jiangsu Province

CHEN Shu-tao1,WANG Rang-hui1,XU Xia-zhen2,XIANG Ying2,CHEN Hai-shan3(1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;2.Jiangsu Climate Center,Nanjing 210008;3.College of Atmopheric Science,Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044)   

  • Online:2011-04-10 Published:2011-04-10

摘要: 基于江苏省徐州、昆山、宜兴三地1992-2005年气温、降水资料,以及1992-2004年徐州、昆山两地冬小麦生育期和1993-2005年徐州、宜兴两地水稻生育期数据,分析了气温、降水的变异与冬小麦、水稻生育期的关系。结果表明:1992-2004年,江苏徐州、昆山两地冬小麦全生育期天数随气温上升而逐渐减少,冬小麦全生育期天数与生育期内总降水量的变异无显著相关性。1993-2005年,随着月平均温度升高,徐州、昆山两地冬小麦拔节、孕穗、开花期提前,而乳熟期随此阶段平均温度的升高而推迟。与冬小麦不同,徐州、宜兴两地水稻生育期天数与生育期内平均温度和总降水量无显著相关关系。并且,随着温度升高,徐州、宜兴两地拔节、孕穗、抽穗、乳熟期也无显著变化。这表明水、旱两种作物对气温的变化呈现出明显不同的变异规律,气温的年际间变化对冬小麦生育期的影响相对更大。

关键词: 气温, 降水, 冬小麦, 水稻, 生育期

Abstract: In order to investigate the impacts of air temperature and precipitation on the growth stages of winter wheat and rice,the climate and crop phenophase datasets in typical agricultural zones of Jiangsu province were analyzed.The climate datasets are composed of the air temperature and precipitation data from 1992 to 2005 in Xuzhou,Kunshan and Yixing.The phenophase datasets are composed of the recorded main growth stages of winter wheat in Xuzhou and Kunshan from 1992 to 2004 and rice in Xuzhou and Yixing from 1993 to 2005.The results indicated that the whole winter wheat growth period shortened by the increase in mean air temperature.There was no significant corelation between the winter wheat growth period and precipitation.With the increase in mean air temperature,the stages of stem elongation,booting and flowering of winter wheat tended to be earlier,while the stage of milking maturity tended to be later.No significant relationship between winter wheat growth stages and precipitation were observed.Further investigations indicated that there was no significant relationship between the whole rice growth period and mean air temperature or precipitation.The stages of stem elongation,booting,heading and maturing of rice showed no significant change with the increase in mean air temperature.These results indicated that the variations in air temperature significantly affected the growth stages of winter wheat rather than that of rice.

Key words: Air temperature, Air temperature, Precipitation, Winter wheat, Rice, Growth stage