湖北省冬播马铃薯苗期冻害风险区划

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2020.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用1963-2018年气象资料和马铃薯生育期调查资料，采用积温法推算出苗期，动态分析湖北省马铃薯苗期冻害的时空分布特征，并构建冻害风险指数模型，开展冻害风险区划。结果表明：（1）湖北省马铃薯苗期冻害高发时段主要分布在2月下旬、3月上旬，其中在3月上旬冻害发生频率最高。（2）鄂西南大部地区为低风险区，可大力推广冬播马铃薯的种植；鄂西北南部和中东部各县市为中风险区；其它地区为马铃薯苗期冻害高风险区。（3）暖冬年马铃薯出苗早，冻害发生风险高；冷冬年马铃薯出苗晚，冻害发生风险低；冷冬年采用增温措施，可降低冻害风险并有利于马铃薯提早上市。

关键词: 冬播马铃薯, 苗期, 低温冻害, 风险区划

Abstract: Using the meteorological data and potato phenology survey data in Hubei province from1963 to 2018, the potato seeding dates were calculated by growing degree days method, and then the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of potato freezing damage during seedling stage were analyzed dynamically, finally, the risk index model of freezing damage was constructed to distinguish the risk level of freezing damage in Hubei province. The results showed that: (1) freezing damage of winter-sowing potato during seedling stage was mainly occurred in the last ten-day of February and the first ten-day of March, especially in the first ten-day of March. (2) Most parts of the southwest of Hubei province were low risk areas, so that the cultivation of winter-sowing potato could be widespread in this region; the northwest and the east of Hubei province were moderate risk areas; and other areas of Hubei province were high risk areas. (3) In warm winters, potato seedlings sprout early and the freezing damage risk is relatively high; while in cold winters, the facts are just the opposite. However, if measures were taken to raise the temperature, the freezing damage risk could be reduced and would make it earlier for market.

Key words: Winter-sowing potato, Seedling stage, Freezing damage, Risk regionalization

中图分类号:

叶佩，刘可群，申双和，刘志雄，汤阳，方治国. 湖北省冬播马铃薯苗期冻害风险区划[J]. 中国农业气象, 2020, 41(03): 162-172.

YE Pei, LIU Ke-qun, SHEN Shuang-he, LIU Zhi-xiong,TANG Yang, FANG Zhi-guo. Seedling Freezing Risk Regionalization of Winter-Sowing Potato in Hubei Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2020, 41(03): 162-172.

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