中国农业气象 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 1819-1825.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2025.12.012

• 农业气象灾害栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

雷电灾害事件对中国农村地区人员安全的影响

殷启元,罗志勇,陈雷文,姜睿娇,王飞   

  1. 1.广东省气候中心,广州 510640;2.中国气象局雷电重点开放实验室,北京 100081;3.中山市气象局,中山 528400;4.惠州市气象局,惠州 516000;5.中国气象局公共气象服务中心,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-26 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-16
  • 作者简介:殷启元,正高级工程师,主要从事雷电安全防御研究,E-mail:yinqiyuan@gd121.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局雷电重点开放实验室项目(2023KELL−B006;2024KELL−B006);广东省气象局面上项目(GRMC2024M15)

Impact of Lightning Disasters on Human Safety in Rural Region of China

YIN Qi-yuan, LUO Zhi-yong, CHEN Lei-wen, JIANG Rui-jiao , WANG Fei   

  1. 1. Guangdong Climate Center, Guangzhou 510640, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081; 3. Zhongshan Meteorological Bureau, Zhongshan 528400; 4. Huizhou Meteorological Bureau, Huizhou 516000; 5. China Meteorological Administration Public Meteorological Service Centre, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2025-01-26 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-16

摘要:

为制定应对雷电灾害对人员安全影响的防御策略,提升农村地区雷电安全保障能力,本研究基于2009−2020年中国大陆雷电定位资料和雷电灾害事件数据,采用统计分析方法,从时空特征、雷电灾害环境等维度深入分析雷电灾害事件对中国大陆农村地区人员安全的影响。结果表明2009−2020雷电灾害呈以胡焕庸线为界,东南部地区雷电活动频繁,西北部地区雷电活动相对较少;雷电灾害对人员安全的影响中,农村地区约占80%,累计影响人数2764人,但总体呈下降趋势;从雷电灾害对农村地区人员安全影响的年度占比来看,2010年占比最高,达92%2020年降至最低,为41%空间维度上,南方地区雷电灾害对农村地区人员安全的影响贡献了81.3%,形成了东南地区高危、西北地区低损的辐射状分布格局;在时间维度上,95%的雷电灾害对人员安全影响事件主要集中在4−9月,这一时期恰逢农村地区双抢季节,雷电引发的人员安全事件相对较多;此外,约40%人员安全影响事件与直接参与农业活动有关,反映目前农村地区的大量户外密集型劳动工作,需加强必要的雷电安全防护措施。

关键词: 农村地区, 雷电灾害, 人员安全影响, 安全策略

Abstract:

 In order to develop a defense strategy to deal with the impact of lightning disasters on personnel safety and improve the lightning safety assurance capability in rural areas of China, this study, based on the lightning location data and lightning disaster data from 2009 to 2020, used statistical analysis methods to analyze the impact of lightning disasters on personnel safety in rural Chinese Mainland areas from the dimensions of space−time characteristics, casualty environment, etc. The results showed that lightning disasters in Chinese Mainland from 2009 to 2020 were bounded by the Huhuanyong line, with frequent lightning activity in the southeast and relatively few in the northwest. In terms of the impact of lightning disasters on personnel safety, rural areas accounted for about 80%, with a cumulatively impacted 2764 people, but showed an overall decreasing trend. From the perspective of the percentage of lightning disasters affecting personnel safety in rural areas reached its highest at 92% in 2010, and fell to its lowest at 41% in 2020. In terms of spatial dimension, rural areas in the southern region contributed 81.3% to the impact of lightning disasters on personnel safety, forming a radiating distribution pattern of high−risk in the southeast and low loss in the northwest. In terms of time dimension, 95% of lightning disasters that affect personnel safety were mainly concentrated from April to September, which coincided with the "double rush" (busy farming season) season in rural areas, and lightning related casualties were relatively high. In addition, about 40% of personnel safety incidents caused by lightning in rural areas were related to direct participation in agricultural activities, reflecting the large number of outdoor intensive labor work still performed in rural  areas and need to of necessary lightning safety protection measures.

Key words: Rural region, Lightning casualties, Personnel safety impact, Security policy