关键词: 江苏省, 水稻生育期, 热害, 气候变暖, 水稻产量

Abstract: Based on the observed data of conventional meteorological stations in Jiangsu province from 1960 to 2009 and the investigated data of the rice growth periods from 1980 to 2009, in this paper, the different growth periods of rice was calculated and determined statistically, the appropriate indicators of rice heat damage was selected, the temperature anomaly,the variability of its climatic trend and MK test were used to reflect the characteristics of climate warming in the different regions of Jiangsu province. The spatialtemporal distribution pattern of the rice heat damages in these regions was analyzed and the influence of the climate warming on it was discussed. The results showed as follows: (1)the heat damages of rice in Jiangsu province concentrated in the two growth periods from jointing to booting and heading to initial ripping. The occurrence frequency of rice heat damage in the south part of Jiangsu province was highest, it situated at the second place in the the region between the Yantze river and Huaihe river and the northern side of the Huaihe river and the coastal region of the province were the distribution regions of the low frequencies. (2) There were the obvious cycles of 13 years and 3 years in the occurrence frequencies of rice heat damages of Jiangsu province. The former was the main cycle and the later was the secondary cycle. (3) The annual average climatic trend variability of air temperature in Jiangsu province attained 0.2775℃·10y-1 from 1960 to 2009(P<0.01)and it was obvious for climate warming. As the annual average temperature of all regions decreased from 1960s and attained the lowest values in 1980s, it increased later and attained the highest values in the beginning ten years of 21st century. Respectively, the occurrence tendencies of the rice heat damages in the different regions were consistent to the evolution of the temperature. The occurrence frequency of the heat damage was the least in 1980s and the largest in the beginning ten years of 21st century. (4) The higher the mean temperature of July and August was, the more the occurrence frequency of rice heat damage was. For the north side of the Huaihe river, the mean temperature of July and August was highest in 1960s and the occurrence frequency of rice heat damage was most in this decade. But in the other regions of the province, the mean temperature of July and August was highest in 2000s and the occurrence frequency of rice heat damage was most in this decade. (5) In view of the interannual change, the occurrence frequencies of the rice heat damages were higher in the warmer climate years and the yields of rice were lower. It demonstrated that the climate warming was one of the important factors caused the increasing of the occurrence frequency of rice heat damage and the reducing of rice yields in Jiangsu province.

Key words: Jiangsu province, Growth period of rice, Heat damage, Climate warming, Rice yield