关键词: 气候变暖, 黄土高原, 苹果, 物候期, 影响

Abstract: Based on the meteorological data of 1971-2005 and the phenological observation date of apple tree from 1984 to 2005 at the Agrometeorological Experimental Station of Xifen and Tianshui in Gansu Province,the impacts of climate warming on phonological period and growth of apple tree in Loess Plateau of Gansu Province were analyzed.The results indicated that annual average temperature increased by 0.9-1.8℃ in Loess Plateau of Gansu since 1971.The growing periods of the apple trees before the apple maturity,such as leaf bud open,leaf open and flowering advanced by about 14 days,while the growing periods of the apple trees after the apple maturity,such as the leaf color change and leaf fallen postponed by 2-5 days.The annual days of maximum temperature ≥30℃ and ≥35℃ in 1990's were 5.8-7.7 and 2.8 days more than in 1980's respectively.This led to the decrease of the fruit setting rate and quality of the fruit.The apple trees should be grown at the sites with higher altitude and the apple varieties should be improved in order to adapt to the climate warming.

Key words: Climate warming, Climate warming, Loess Plateau, Apple, Phonological period, Impact