腐植酸引发对低温胁迫西葫芦种子萌发的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2020.08.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选用不同种类的腐植酸作为引发溶液，以无离子水引发作为对照，通过分析低温胁迫下西葫芦的发芽活力、幼苗地上部和根系指标、抗氧化酶活性以及渗透调节物质和过氧化物含量，为腐植酸引发提高西葫芦种子抗低温胁迫的应用提供参考。结果表明：腐植酸引发可以提高低温胁迫下西葫芦种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数，缓解低温对西葫芦种子萌发的抑制作用，增加幼苗的芽高、下胚轴粗、胚根长、全株干重及根冠比，同时促进幼苗侧根分生，使根粗、根分支数和根尖数增加，总根长、根表面积以及根体积也有所增加，一定程度上促进了西葫芦幼苗的生长，提高了低温条件下西葫芦幼苗素质。腐植酸引发可以提高低温下西葫芦幼苗中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸的含量，增强幼苗低温适应性，同时可以提高幼苗中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢歧化酶（CAT）的活性，降低丙二醛（MDA）和超氧阴离子自由基的含量，提高西葫芦幼苗抗氧化能力，其中以生化腐植酸引发对西葫芦低温伤害的缓解效应最明显。

关键词: , 西葫芦, 低温胁迫, 腐植酸, 种子萌发

Abstract: Summer squash is an annual trailing herbaceous crop of cucurbit. Its fruit is thin in skin, thick in meat, rich in juice, rich in nutrients, and can be eaten as vegetables, which is deeply loved by the public. In production, summer squash can get higher economic benefits when cultivated out of season in winter-spring season, and temperature is the main limiting factor in winter-spring cultivation, so improving the cold resistance of summer squash seedlings is the key to ensure the production benefits of summer squash in winter-spring season. Seed initiation is a simple and quick means to improve seed germination vigor and enhance seedling quality under stress conditions. As a natural organic polymer mixture, humic acid can affect various physiological activities in crops and stimulate crop growth, which has high application value in agriculture and is an excellent seed initiator. In order to explore the effect of humic acid initiation on seed germination and seedling growth of summer squash at low temperature, 0.05% fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA) and biochemical humic acid (BFA) were selected separately as initiation solutions, with deionized water caused by contrast, through the analysis of the germination activity, indices of root and shoot, activity of antioxidant enzyme and content of osmotic regulators and peroxides of summer squash under low temperature stress, application of humic acid cause raised summer squash seed resistance to low temperature stress. The results showed that the humic acid cause could improve under low temperature stress summer squash seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vigor index, ease to summer squash seed germination inhibition in low temperature, increase seedling bud high, hypocotyl diameter, radicle length, plant dry weight and root cap ratio, at the same time promote seedling lateral root meristem, making branch root diameter, forks and tips, total root length, root surface area and volume also increased, to some extent promote the summer squash seedlings growth, improve the quality of the summer squash seedlings under the condition of low temperature. Humic acid cause summer squash seedlings could improve the low temperature in the content of soluble sugar, soluble proteins and proline, enhance seedling low temperature adaptability, and could improve the seedling superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity and lower malondiadehyde (MDA) and superoxide anion free radical content, improving oxidation resistance of the summer squash seedlings. Among them, biochemical humic acid induced the most obvious mitigation effect on low temperature injury of summer squash.

Key words: Cucurbita pepo L., Low temperature stress, Humic acid, Seed germination

中图分类号:

常佳悦，李灵芝，李海平，马太光，张国香，高清兰，梁运香，李发远，王艳芳. 腐植酸引发对低温胁迫西葫芦种子萌发的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2020, 41(08): 483-494.

CHANG Jia-yue，LI Ling-zhi，LI Hai-ping，MA Tai-guang，ZHANG Guo-xiang, GAO Qing-lan，LIANG Yun-xiang，LI Fa-yuan，WANG Yan-fang. Effect of Humic Acid as Initiating Solution on Seed Germination of Summer Squash under Low Temperature Stress[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2020, 41(08): 483-494.

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