中国农业气象 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 508-520.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2026.04.003

• 农业生物气象栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国西甜瓜生产空间演化及驱动因素

王福红,夏咏,丁宁,吕毅,赵兰兰,王紫洋   

  1. 1.兰州财经大学农林经济管理学院,兰州 730101;2. 新疆农业大学经济管理学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-06 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-04-18
  • 作者简介:王福红,E-mail:1642667941@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目(22XTJ003);新疆西甜瓜产业技术体系项目(XJARS−06);甘肃省教育厅高校教师创新基金项目(2026A−081);兰州财经大学首批学科科研融合团队建设项目(XKKYRHTD202302);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑项目(2024CYZC−38)

Spatial Evolution and Driving Factors of Watermelon and Melon Production in China

WANG Fu-hong, XIA Yong, DING Ning, LV Yi, ZHAO Lan-lan, WANG Zi-yang   

  1. 1.School of Agriculture and Forestry Economics and Management, Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou 730101, China; 2.College of Economics and Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
  • Received:2025-04-06 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-04-18

摘要:

基于20012022年中国西瓜和甜瓜生产相关数据,运用区位基尼系数、空间转移系数、面板计量模型等方法分析中国西甜瓜生产空间演化特征及其驱动因素结果表明:(120012022年中国西瓜年产量变化相对稳定,基本维持在6.00×107t左右;甜瓜产量呈持续增长态势,年均增加3.13%P0.01);20012022年中国西瓜和甜瓜单产水平均呈持续增长的态势,年均分别增加1.50%2.37%P0.01)。220012022年中国甜瓜生产聚集程度高于西瓜,但二者空间聚集程度呈此消彼长的变化趋势中国西瓜生产重心从河南宁陵县城附近迁移至河南鲁山县城附近,向西南方向迁移277.68km,甜瓜生产重心从河北衡水市附近迁移至陕西韩城市附近,向西南方向迁移623.38km320012022年中国西瓜和甜瓜生产稳定区类型的省域数量逐渐增多,西瓜和甜瓜分别增加至6个和9,西瓜和甜瓜生产转入区类型的省域数量逐渐减少,分别减少至16个和7,西瓜和甜瓜生产空间分布格局变化趋于稳定。4光照、政策支持、产值变化、城镇化、技术进步、有效灌溉面积及同类竞争等是推动中国西瓜和甜瓜生产空间演化的重要因子。未来中国西甜瓜产业发展还需持续加快相关栽培技术的创新与推广,加强产业相关基础设施建设,增强产业抗风险能力。

关键词: 西瓜, 甜瓜, 空间转移系数, 区位基尼系数

Abstract:

Based on production data of watermelon and melon in China from 2001 to 2022, this study analyzed the spatial evolution characteristics and key factors of watermelon and melon production in China using panel econometric models, the regional Gini coefficient and the spatial shift coefficient. The results indicated that:1watermelon production in China stayed relatively steady between 2001 and 2022, reaching about 6.00×107t. Melon production had a steady upward trend, increasing by an average annual growth rate of 3.13% (P<0.01). Over the same time, watermelon and melon yields per unit area in China exhibited a consistent upward trend, with average annual growth rates of 1.50% and 2.37%, respectively (P<0.01).2The spatial concentration of melon production in China was higher than that of watermelon production, although the seesaw pattern of change was evident in the spatial concentration of melons and watermelons. The production center for watermelons moved 277.68km southwest from the area near Ningling county, Henan province, to the area near Lushan county, Henan province, and the production center for melons moved 623.38km southwest from the area near Hengshui city, Hebei province, to the area near Hancheng city, Shaanxi province.3Between 2001 and 2022, number of provincial regions with stable region for watermelons and melons gradually increased, reaching 6 and 9 respectively. The number of provincial regions with transfer−in region for watermelons and melons steadily declined, reaching 16 and 7, respectively. In China, the pattern of watermelon and melon production's spatial distribution has tended to stabilize.4Spatial evolution of watermelon and melon production was influenced by a number of significant elements, including sunshine hours, policy support, output value change, urbanization level, technological advancement, effective irrigation area and competition from similar crops. The future development of watermelon and melon industry in China will require further acceleration of related cultivation technology innovation and promotion, fortification of industry−related infrastructure construction, and improvement of the industry's resilience to risks.

Key words: Watermelon, Melon, Spatial shift coefficient, Regional Gini coefficient