冰核活性细菌与玉米和大豆霜冻关系的研究

中国农业气象

冰核活性细菌与玉米和大豆霜冻关系的研究

刘建华;陶毓汾;何维勋;冯玉香;孙福在;朱红;何礼远;

中国农业科学院农业气象研究室,中国农业科学院农业气象研究室,中国农业科学院农业气象研究室,中国农业科学院农业气象研究室,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,

出版日期:1990-03-10 发布日期:1990-03-10
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目

STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF ICE NUCLEATION ACTIVE BACTERIA IN FROST INJURY TO MAIZE AND SOYBEAN

Online:1990-03-10 Published:1990-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文采用霜冻模拟实验与田间实验相结合的方法研究了玉米、大豆霜冻与从我国作物上分离到的两种冰核活性(INA)细菌(丁香假单胞菌P·S和草生欧氏菌E·h)的数量关系。结果表明:在我国广泛存在的INA细菌是诱发玉米、大豆等喜温作物霜冻的重要因素,因其存在而提高了作物霜冻为害的温度,加重了霜冻对作物的危害。当玉米和大豆的叶片上喷洒有5×10~3个/ml浓度的INA细菌时,叶温在-2.5～-3.0℃时就严重受害,而无菌的玉米、大豆则在-6.0～-7.0℃才严重受害。在-2.0～-7.0℃范围内,在同一温度条件下,随着INA细菌浓度的增加,霜冻危害加重,霜冻危害程度与INA细菌浓度的对数之间有较好的直线关系。而当INA细菌浓度不变时,霜冻对玉米、大豆的危害随叶面温度的降低而加重。因此,可以认为,玉米、大豆等作物霜冻是受低温与INA细菌交互作用的结果。可以通过减少INA细菌数量或使之失去冰核活性的途径减轻霜冻对作物的危害。

关键词: NULL

Abstract: Two high-active strains of INA bacteria, IHM4(Erwinia herbicola) and ISSO1 (Pseuolomonas syringae), were tested for the role in frost injury to maize and soybean under both laboratorial simulation and natural conditions. Results demonstrated that the presence of INA bacteria was one of key factor in inducing frost damage to the two crops. The seedlings of 3-4 leaves treated by spraying with INA bacterial suspensions containing 5×10~3 cells per ml suffered frost injury at -2.5℃ to-3.0℃, whereas the untreated seedlings started to be obviously frozen at -6.0℃ to -7℃. The severity of frost injury increased with lower leaf temperature and higher concentration of INA bacterial populations. A linear relationship was found between the severity of frost injury (I) , leaf temperature (T) and logarithum of INA bacterial population (P):maize I=-92.4684-23.5655T+8.1622 logp soybean I=-96.80-27.28T+7.18 logp

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刘建华;陶毓汾;何维勋;冯玉香;孙福在;朱红;何礼远;. 冰核活性细菌与玉米和大豆霜冻关系的研究[J]. 中国农业气象.

Liu Jianhua Tao Yufeng He Weixun Fen Yuxiang(Laboratory of Agrometeorology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing) Sun Fuzai Zhu Hong He Liyuan (Institute of plant protection, CAAS, Beijing). STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF ICE NUCLEATION ACTIVE BACTERIA IN FROST INJURY TO MAIZE AND SOYBEAN[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology.