关键词: 苹果, 花期冻害, 农业保险, 风险指数

Abstract: The apple' florescent phenophase and minimum temperature in Shaanxi fruit zone was analyzed statistically,to meet the demands for meteorological service for apple' policy agricultural insurance.Risk period of apple' florescence freezing injury was identified: it was from 10th April to 30th April in Yan'an and the western Weibei,and it lasted from 1st April to 20th April in Guanzhong and the eastern Weibei.Based on the relevant literature and investigation data as well as the low temperature strength records,Shaanxi apple' florescence freezing injury were classified into three levels for agricultural insurance: low risk grade(TD≤0℃),middle risk grade(TD≤-2℃),high risk grade(TD≤-4℃).And the spatial distribution of risk indexes for each grade was identified: the risk indexes in Yan'an fruit zone was highest,followed by the western Weibei fruit zone.The risk index was low in the eastern Weibei and Guanzhong fruit zone.In view of the complexity of planting environment and the uncertainty of disaster grade,10% ~80% norm of the agricultural insurance insured risk indexes was put forward.According to the norm of the insured risk indexes and giving prior concern to high risk grade,the insured risk grades in main fruit zone were evaluated.The results showed that: risk grade was high or medium in Yan'an fruit zone,generally medium in the western Weibei fruit zone,and low in the eastern Weibei fruit zone and Guanzhong fruit zone.

Key words: Apple, Apple, Florescence freezing injury, Agricultural insurance, Risk index