中国农业气象

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山东省农村地区地下水硝酸盐污染现状调查与评价

高新昊;江丽华;刘兆辉;李晓林;林海涛;谭德水;宋效宗;郑福丽;   

  1. 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所;中国农业大学资源与环境学院;
  • 出版日期:2011-02-10 发布日期:2011-02-10
  • 基金资助:
    国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2008ZX07425-001);; 农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(20100314);; 农业部科教司污染普查项目(N18);; 山东省博士后创新基金(200803018)

Investigation and Evaluation on Nitrate Contamination Status of Groundwater in Rural Areas of Shandong Province

GAO Xin-hao1,2,JIANG Li-hua1,LIU Zhao-hui1,LI Xiao-lin2,LIN Hai-tao1,TAN De-shui1,SONG Xiao-zong1,ZHENG Fu-li1(1.Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;2.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193)   

  • Online:2011-02-10 Published:2011-02-10

摘要: 硝酸盐含量是衡量饮用水水质的重要指标,直接关系到人类的健康,为摸清山东省农村地区地下水硝酸盐污染现状,本文通过对山东省16个地市农村地区的地下水进行取样及硝酸盐含量监测,对地下水硝酸盐污染的影响因素进行分析。结果表明:取样时期、取样区域、种植作物类型的不同均导致了地下水硝酸盐含量差异显著。各地雨季前地下水硝酸盐含量均值达到14.12mg.L-1,雨季后地下水硝酸盐含量显著降低,均值仅为6.74mg.L-1;受氮肥投入量及地下水埋深等因素的共同影响,不同作物种植类型下地下水硝酸盐含量差异明显,以露地蔬菜区最高,其次为果树区、设施蔬菜区及粮棉油作物种植区,地下水硝酸盐含量超标率分别为65.71%、60.71%、50.98%、24.74%;不同地市间地下水硝酸盐含量差异明显,青岛与烟台两市的污染水所占比例及硝酸盐含量均值明显高于其他地市,聊城、德州、滨州、菏泽4市地下水硝酸盐含量均值低于5mg.L-1;整体来看,在两次所取516个样本中,全省地下水硝酸盐含量均值为10.43mg.L-1,污染水占所取得水样的比例达到14.15%。

关键词: 地下水, 硝酸盐, 取样时期, 取样地区, 种植作物类型, 山东省

Abstract: Nitrate content is an important index to evaluate the quality of drinking water which affects human health directly.As to evaluate the nitrate contamination status of groundwater in rural areas of Shandong province,a large-scale investigation and water-sampling analysis on nitrate concentration in local groundwater from 16 cities was performed,and the main influence factors of nitrate contamination were studied.The results showed that the nitrate concentration of groundwater was affected obviously by sampling period,sampling area,and cultivation system.Lower nitrate concentration in groundwater after raining period was observed than that before raining period,as the concentration being 6.74mg·L-1and 14.12mg·L-1respectively.As to different cultivation systems,the highest nitrate concentration was observed in groundwater samples from open-field vegetable area followed by orchard area,protected vegetable area,and cereal,cotton and oil area,as the over-limit ration being 65.71%,60.71%,50.98% and 24.74% respectively.The nitrate contamination was also affected by sampling area significantly as the higher over-limit ratio was observed in Qingdao and Yantai than other cities,and the nitrate concentration in groundwater from Liaocheng,Dezhou,Binzhou,and Heze was found to be lower than 5mg·L-1.Of all the 516 water samples in Shandong province,the nitrate concentration was found to reach to 10.43mg·L-1and the over-limit ratio reach to 14.15%.

Key words: Groundwater, Groundwater, Nitrate, Sampling period, Sampling area, Cultivation system, Shandong province