中国农业气象

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基于两种时间尺度气象资料计算的参考作物蒸散量对比分析

杨秀芹;钟平安;   

  1. 南京信息工程大学应用水文气象研究院;河海大学水文水资源学院;
  • 出版日期:2011-04-10 发布日期:2011-04-10
  • 基金资助:
    南京信息工程大学科研基金(S8110062001);; 水利部公益性行业专项(201001047;201101033)

Comparative Analysis on Reference Crop Evapotranspiration Based on Two Different Time Steps Meteorological Data

YANG Xiu-qin1,ZHONG Ping-an2(1.Applied Hydro-meteorological Research Institute of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;2.College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098)   

  • Online:2011-04-10 Published:2011-04-10

摘要: 利用南四湖流域兖州(1981-1986年)、菏泽(1981-1986年)和定陶(1997-2002年)3个气象站逐日平均、逐月平均两种尺度气象资料,基于FAO Penman-Monteith公式计算逐日ET0,并分别累计月ET0值,评估两种时间尺度数据计算月ET0值的差异,分析在日平均资料不可获取的情况下,可否用月平均资料代替计算ET0。结果表明:(1)两种时间尺度资料计算月ET0值相当接近,具有极显著的正相关关系;(2)全年月平均资料计算的ET0值高于日平均资料计算的ET0值,平均相对偏高约2.0%;暖季月平均资料计算的ET0值明显低于日平均资料计算的ET0值,平均相对偏低约3.7%;而在冷季则正好相反,平均相对偏高约8.1%。可以看出,两者偏差主要发生在冷季。(3)月平均资料相对于日平均资料计算月ET0值的相对偏差不大,暖季计算结果较精确。(4)不管暖季或冷季,两种时间尺度资料计算月ET0值产生差值的原因主要是能量项计算的差异造成的。暖季月平均资料计算的ET0值偏低的原因,主要是暖季月平均资料计算的能量项的减少造成的,约占131.8%;冷季月平均资料计算的ET0值偏高,主要是冷季月平均资料计算的能量项的增加造成的,约占92.1%。

关键词: 参考作物蒸散量, FAO Penman-Monteith公式, 日时间尺度, 月时间尺度

Abstract: Daily reference crop evapotranspiration ET0 was calculated from two different time steps of daily and monthly mean meteorological data by using the Penman-Monteith equation and the monthly ET0 was accumulated,based on meteorological data in the stations of Yanzhou(1981-1986),Heze(1981-1986) and Dingtao(1997-2002),which all located in Sihu basin.The differences of monthly ET0 value were evaluated,by which analyzed whether ET0 can be computed from mean monthly weather data instead of daily mean weather data in case of unavailable daily mean weather data.The results showed that two monthly ET0 value was very similar,and there was a significant positive correlation between them.The annual ET0 value calculated with mean monthly data was higher 2.0% than that calculated with daily mean data.The former was lower 3.7% than latter in warm season,and was higher 8.1% in cold season,which showed that the key deviation was occurred in cold season.The mean monthly data was similar to that calculated with daily mean data,especially in warm season.No matter in warm or cold season,the difference of monthly ET0 values calculated with two time steps data was mainly due to differences calculation of energy item in the whole year.The lower ET0 value occurred in warm season just because of the energy items decreasing,which was about accounting for 131.8% of the difference of two monthly ET0 values,as the higher ET0 value occurred in warm season just because of the energy items increasing,which was about accounting for 92.1% of the difference of two monthly ET0 values.

Key words: Reference crop evapotranspiration, Reference crop evapotranspiration, FAO Penman-Monteith method, Daily time step, Monthly time step