关键词: 夏季气象条件, 农业生产, 气象灾害, 秋收作物

Abstract:

The relationship between meteorological factors and agricultural production in China was analyzed using statistical methods, based on daily national meteorological data for the summer of 2024. The results showed that the national average temperature in the summer (June−August) was 22.4°C, 1.2°C higher than the average of the same period from 1961 to 2020 and the maximum value since 1961. The national average precipitation was 342.6mm, which was 20.7mm more than the average of the same period from 1961 to 2020. The national average sunshine duration was 630.0h, 35.1h less than the average of the same period from 1961 to 2020. In most of the agricultural region, the sunshine, heat conditions, and soil moisture content were suitable, and general meteorological conditions were favorable for the growth and production of grain crops. At the same time, the frequent meteorological disasters in the summer had a certain effect on the growth and yield formation of the autumn harvest crops. The North China and Huang-Huai region experienced drought and waterlogging, which affected the growth of summer sowing crops. The heavy rainfall occurred in Jiangnan and south China region, and some early rice suffered from "flowering-stage heavy rain" disaster. There was more precipitation in the central and southern parts of northeast China region, which affected the crop growth and yield formation. The Sichuan basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river sustained high temperature weather, which affected the growth of single-season rice and local featured crops in some areas.

Key words: Summer meteorological condition, Agricultural production, Meteorological disasters, Autumn harvest crops