中国农业气象 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 1079-1090.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2023.12.001

• 农业生态环境栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原耕地生态资产质量时空动态

刘文敏,胡国铮,李月梅*,高清竹,干珠扎布,乌日罕,余沛东,李铭杰   

  1. 1.青海大学农牧学院,西宁 810000;2.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/国家农业环境数据中心,北京 100081;3.农业农村部农业农村生态环境重点实验室,北京 100081;4.青海大学农林科学院,西宁 810000;5.国家农业环境西宁观测实验站,西宁 810000
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-07 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2023-11-15
  • 作者简介:刘文敏,E-mail:lwm2447122148@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“第二次青藏高原综合考察研究”(2019QZKK0307);国家自然科学基金项目(31800383;32171590);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2022LM16)

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Farmland Ecological Assets Quality in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

LIU Wen-min, HU Guo-zheng, LI Yue-mei, GAO Qing-zhu, HASBAGAN Ganjurjav, WU Ri-han, YU Pei-dong, LI Ming-jie   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai Univerisity, Xining 810000,China; 2.Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development/National Agricultural Environmental Data Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; 3.Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081; 4.Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Univerisity, Xining 810000; 5.Xining Agricultural Environmental Science Observation Experiment Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xining 810000
  • Received:2023-02-07 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2023-11-15

摘要: 基于遥感数据,采用像元二分模型、归一化处理和转移矩阵等方法,研究2000−2020年青藏高原耕地生态资产质量变化特征,分析分省耕地生态资产质量变化趋势及耕地生态资产质量等级间的转移。结果表明:(1)2000−2020年,青藏高原耕地生态资产质量呈东南部高、西北部低的空间格局,耕地等级以中等级为主,占总耕地面积的48%,主要分布在青藏高原东部地区,优、良、低和差等级的耕地面积占总面积比例分别为6.6%、15.2%、27.4%和2.8%。(2)青藏高原全区域及分省耕地生态资产质量均呈上升趋势,青海、西藏自治区、甘肃、四川、云南、新疆维吾尔自治区及青藏高原整体平均每5a提升速率分别为0.237、0.039、0.224、0.098、0.098、0.282和0.134。(3)青藏高原耕地生态资产质量逐渐改善,2000−2020年各阶段,耕地生态资产质量改善的面积均高于退化的面积。(4)土壤和地形资产质量的引入,能够一定程度上抵消仅考虑植被资产质量对耕地生态资产质量的高估,表现为中、低等级耕地生态资产质量比例提高,而优、良和差等级的耕地比例降低。本研究方法为其他地区的生态资产质量核算提供参考,也为青藏高原耕地生态资产的可持续利用与管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 青藏高原, 耕地生态资产质量, 评价方法, 时空变化

Abstract: Based on remote sensing data, authors revealed the characteristics of farmland ecological assets quality on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2000 to 2020 by the methods of pixel dichotomy model, normalization processing, transfer matrix. Then, this study analyzed the trends of farmland ecological assets quality in different provinces and the transformation between each quality. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the spatial pattern of farmland ecological assets quality on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The main quality was at the middle level, accounting for 48% of the total farmland area, distributing in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The area ratio of excellent, good, low and poor farmland ecological assets quality were 6.6%, 15.2%, 27.4% and 2.8% respectively. (2) The farmland ecological assets quality increased both on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and in each province, with average improvement rates of 0.237, 0.039, 0.224, 0.098, 0.098, 0.282 and 0.134 per 5 years in Qinghai, Tibet Autonomous Region, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau respectively. (3) The farmland ecological assets quality on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau gradually improved. From 2000 to 2020, the area of improved quality was larger than degraded area quinquennial. (4) The including of the soil and terrain asset quality could offset the overestimation of farmland ecological assets quality solely represented by plant asset quality. The proportion of ecological asset quality of medium and low-grade farmland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau increased, while the proportion of farmland with excellent, good and poor grades decreased. This study provides experiences for the quality accounting of ecological assets in other regions, and a scientific basis for the sustainable development and management of farmland ecological assets on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Quality of ecological assets of farmland, Evaluation methods, Spatial and temporal variation