中国农业气象 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 364-376.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2026.03.005

• 农业生物气象栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

陕西省苹果主产区生产布局时空演变及其影响因素

周思璁,杨粉莉,白海霞,杨联安,杨方社,尚小清,邢海佳,薛婧   

  1. 1. 西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室/西北大学城市与环境学院,西安 710127;2. 咸阳市农业科学研究院,咸阳 712000;3. 陕西省果业研究发展中心,西安 710018
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-27 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 作者简介:周思璁,E-mail:zsc4191@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省2024年果业专项项目(202404)

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Production Layout and Influencing Factors in the Main Apple Producing Region of Shaanxi Province

ZHOU Si-cong, YANG Fen-li, BAI Hai-xia, YANG Lian-an, YANG Fang-she, SHANG Xiao-qing, XING Hai-jia, XUE Jing   

  1. 1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; 2. Academy of Agriculture Sciences of Xianyang, Xianyang 712000; 3. Shaanxi Provincial Fruit Industry Research and Development Center, Xi’an 710018
  • Received:2025-02-27 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-03-17

摘要:

基于陕西省苹果主产区19902022年统计数据与实地调查数据,采用基尼系数、重心迁移、空间自相关分析探究苹果生产布局时空演变,应用增强回归树探究苹果总产变化的影响因素,为优化苹果产业配置,推动产业高质量发展提供依据结果表明:1研究期内主产区苹果发展呈快速增长、调整下降、转型升级稳定提升4阶段演进;生产重心迁移轨迹呈现先南后北的特征,基尼系数从0.77降至0.71,说明产业集聚程度稍减,渭北北部2022年苹果总产占全省54.47%保持核心产区地位;(2)苹果种植面积Moran’s I先增强至2010年的0.42继而下降至2022年的0.29说明苹果生产空间布局结构调整,高集聚区集中于渭北北部并向北扩展低集聚区分布于北部山地及渭北旱塬西部;(3)苹果总产变化受气象环境、技术进步市场经济、社会发展、农业生产条件和政策环境共同作用,其中单产(38.85%)、农林牧渔业产值18.36%)、比较收益17.91%)、农资投入10.52%是影响程度排名前4的关键因子

关键词: 苹果产业, 时空演变, 重心迁移, 布局优化

Abstract:

Based on statistical data and field survey data from the main apple producing region of Shaanxi province from 1990 to 2022, this study employed the Gini coefficient, center of gravity migration and spatial autocorrelation analysis to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of apple production layout. Additionally, boosted regression trees was applied to explore the influencing factors of total production changes, providing a basis for optimizing apple industry configuration and promoting highquality industry development. The results showed that: (1) during the study period, the development of apples in the main producing region underwent four stages of evolution: boom, adjustment downturn, transition, stabilization and promotion. The trajectory of production center migration showed a pattern of first moving southward and then northward. The Gini coefficient decreased from 0.77 to 0.71, indicating a slight reduction in industrial agglomeration. In 2022, the total production in the northern Weibei accounted for 54.47% of the province's total, maintaining its core production area status. (2) The Moran's I for apple planting area first increased to 0.42 in 2010 and then decreased to 0.29 in 2022, indicating adjustments in the spatial layout structure of apple production. High agglomeration were concentrated in the northern Weibei region and expanding northward, while low agglomeration were distributed in the northern mountainous regions and the western Weibei dry plateau. (3) Changes in total production were influenced by meteorological enviroment, technological progress, market economy, social development, conditions of agricultural production and policy environment. Among these, production per hectare (38.85%), gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (18.36%), comparative income (17.91%), and total agricultural inputs (10.52%) were the top four key factors influencing the extent of change.

Key words: Apple industry, Spatio?temporal evolution, Center of gravity migration, Layout optimization