中国农业气象 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (01): 1-7.doi: 0.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.01.001

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

近50年黄淮海平原气温变化趋势和突变特征

杨建莹,陈志峰,严昌荣,等   

  1. 1中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081;2农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室,北京100081;3山西省寿阳县气象局,寿阳045400;4农业部农业环境重点实验室,北京100081
  • 收稿日期:2012-03-21 出版日期:2013-02-20 发布日期:2013-04-17
  • 作者简介:杨建莹(1985-),女,河北唐山人,博士生,主要从事旱作农业研究。Email:yangjy@ieda.org.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家“十二五”科技支撑计划“旱作农业关键技术研究与示范”项目(2011BAD09B01);国家973项目“华北农业和社会经济对气候灾害的适应能力研究”(2012CB955904);2012基本科研业务费(BSRF201105)

Spatio temporal Characteristics and Jump Features of Air Temperature in Huang Huai Hai Plain during Recent 50 Years

YANG Jian ying1,2 , CHEN Zhi feng3, YAN Chang rong1,2, JU Hui1,4, MEI Xu rong1,2,LIU Qin1,2, XU Jian wen1,4   

  1. 1Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS,Beijing100081, China;2Key Laboratory ofDryland Agriculture, MOA, Beijing100081;3Shouyang Meteorological Bureau of Shanxi Province, Shouyang045400;4Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, MOA, Beijing100081
  • Received:2012-03-21 Online:2013-02-20 Published:2013-04-17

摘要: 利用黄淮海平原40个气象站点1961-2010年近50a气象资料,采用线性倾向估计法和Mann-Kendall突变特征统计检验方法,分析黄淮海平原地区年平均最高、平均和最低气温的变化趋势、区域差异和突变特征。结果表明,(1)黄淮海平原地区年平均最高、最低气温在时间变化上表现为非对称性升高,年平均最高气温变化倾向率0.174℃/10a(P<0.01),年平均最低气温变化倾向率0.399℃/10a(P<0.01),年平均最低气温发生突变年份最早(1989年),其次是平均气温(1991年),年平均最高气温发生突变年份最晚(1993年);(2)年平均最高、平均和最低气温均为2月显著升高的站点最多,冬季最高和最低气温显著升高站点最多,冬季增温较明显,平均最高、平均和最低气温变化趋势区域分布不尽相同,但均表现为北部增温幅度高于南部;(3)全区域年平均最高、年平均和最低气温由低到高发生突变的时间和空间分布有差异,最早发生分别为1981年河北秦皇岛、河南郑州和1974年山东朝阳,最迟发生分别是2002年山东济南、朝阳、河南开封以及江苏盱眙地区,2003年河北廊坊、山东惠民、河南开封和江苏盱眙地区,2003年河北石家庄、唐山和江苏盱眙地区。

关键词: 气温, 变化趋势, 突变特征, 黄淮海平原

Abstract: The Spatio temporal characteristics and jump features of maximum, average and minimum air temperature were analyzed based on the temperature data of 40 meteorological stations in Huang Huai Hai plain(3H plain)from 1961 to 2010.The results showed that annual maximum and minimum temperature increased non symmetrically, the minimum temperature changed at the rate of 0.174℃/10y, and the maximum temperature changed at the rate of 0.399℃/10y.Annual minimum air temperature changed at the earliest abruptly in 1997,followed by average and maximum air temperature.The highest percent of maximum, average and minimum air temperature increasing signally was found in February, followed by in September, March and March respectively.As for the season, the highest  percent  of maximum and minimum air temperature increasing signally occurred in winterAnnual maximum average and minimum air temperature also changed asymmetric in majority area.In addition, the quick increasing stations were found mainly in North part of 3H plain.The variational characteristics of maximum, average and minimum air temperature indicated that their jump year and place were all apparently different.The earliest jump year of maximum, average and minimum air temperature were 1981 in Qinhuangdao(Hebei province), 1981 in Zhengzhou(Henan province)and 1974 in Chaoyang(Shandong province)respectively.Furthermore, the latest jump year of these three temperatures were 2002 in Jinan and Chaoyang(Shandong province), Kaifeng(Henan province), Xuyi(Jiangsu province), 2003 in Langfang(Hebei province), Huimin(Shandong province), Kaifeng, Xuyi, and 2003 in Shijiangzhuang(Hebei province), Xuyi.

Key words: Air temperature, Spatio temporal characteristics, Jump features, Huang Huai Hai plain