中国农业气象 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (01): 2-8.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2015.01.001

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

东北地区不同时间尺度下气温和无霜期的变化特征

胡琦,潘学标,张丹,杨宁,李秋月,邵长秀   

  1. 1中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193;2农业部武川农业环境科学观测实验站,呼和浩特011700
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-14 出版日期:2015-02-20 发布日期:2015-05-21
  • 作者简介:胡琦(1987-),山东人,博士生,研究方向为旱地降水的高效利用、农业减灾。Email:s10020292@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2012CB956204);国家自然科学基金项目(41271053;41475104);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD09B02;2012BAD20B04)

Variation of Temperature and Frost free Period in Different Time Scales in Northeast China

HU Qi,PAN Xue biao,ZHANG Dan,Yang Ning,Li Qiu yue,SHAO Chang xiu   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing100193,China;2Scientific and Observing Experimental Station of AgroEnvironment,Ministry of Agriculture,Hohhot011700
  • Received:2014-07-14 Online:2015-02-20 Published:2015-05-21

摘要: 利用东北三省71个气象站点1961-2012年地面气象观测资料,分析年代、年、季、月、旬各级尺度下气温和无霜期的变化特征。结果表明:气温和无霜期等值线存在年代际北移的现象,1980-1999年气温和无霜期增幅最大,与1961-1979年相比,3℃温度等值线北移约1个纬度,气温高于3℃的面积增加了1.14×10.5km2,无霜期155d等值线北移2~4个纬度,无霜期大于155d的面积增加了2.02×10.5km2。1961-2012年东北地区温度升高速率为0.30℃10a-1,冬季增幅最大(0.47℃10a-1),夏、秋季增幅较小,无霜期增加速率为3.5d10a-1,初霜日推迟8.1d、终霜日提前9.8d。2月气温增幅最大(0.8℃10a-1),是造成冬季气温增幅大的主要原因,2月下旬(第51-60天)气温气候倾向率达到峰值,约1.00℃10a-1,水汽含量变化可能是产生这一现象的主要原因。

关键词: 东北地区, 时间尺度, 气温, 无霜期

Abstract: Based on observed data from 71 meteorological stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2012,the variation of temperature and frost free period in decade scale,annual scale,month scale,and tenday scale,were analyzed.The results showed that both contour lines of temperature and frostfreeperiod moved northward in decade scale,and maximum value occurred in 1980-1999.Compared with 1961-1979,contour line of 3℃ temperature moved northward about 1latitude,and the area of temperature over 3℃ increased 1.14×10.5km2,and contour line of 155d frost free moved northward about 2.4 latitudes,and the area of frostfree 155d increased 2.02×10.5km2.The average temperature increasing rate in Northeast China was 0.30℃10y-1,and maximum increasing in winter at the rate of0.47℃10y-1.The frost free period increasing rate was 3.5d10y-1,and first/latest frost date delayed/advanced 8.1d and 9.8d,respectively.The temperature increasingrate in February was 0.8℃10y-1,which was key factor to large temperature increasing in winter.In which the final 10 days in February temperature increasing rate was 1.00℃10y-1.Climate warming might have some impacts on agricultural production and agro climatic zone in Northeast China,the results could provide references forheat resources utilization and crop cultivation under climate change.

Key words: Northeast China, Time scale, Temperature, No frost period