干季贵州省东西部区域干湿状况差异分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2016.03.012

中国农业气象 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (03): 361-367.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2016.03.012

干季贵州省东西部区域干湿状况差异分析

池再香，李贵琼，白慧，龙先菊，潘徐燕，肖艳林

1. 贵州省六盘水市气象台，六盘水 553001；2. 贵州省盘县气象局，盘县 553537；3. 贵州省气候中心，贵阳 550002；4. 贵州省黔东南州气象局，凯里 556000；5. 贵州省气象信息中心，贵阳 550002

收稿日期:2015-09-21 出版日期:2016-06-20 发布日期:2016-06-20
作者简介:池再香（1964-），女，侗族，正研级高工，主要从事短期气候预测预报和科研工作。E-mail：qxxf_850@163.com
基金资助:
贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合NY字[2012]3020号）；贵州省科学技术基金项目（黔科合J字[2011]2148号）

Difference of Dry and Wet Conditions during Dry Season in Western and Eastern of Guizhou Province

CHI Zai-xiang, LI Gui-qiong, BAI Hui, LONG Xian-ju, PAN Xu-yan, XIAO Yan-lin

1.Liupanshui Meteorological Station, Liupanshui 553001, China; 2.Panxian Meteorological Bureau, Panxian 553537; 3.Guizhou Climate Centre, Guiyang 550002; 4.Meteorological Bureau of Southeast Guizhou, Kaili 556000; 5.Guizhou Meteorological Information Centre, Guiyang 550002

Received:2015-09-21 Online:2016-06-20 Published:2016-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用贵州85个气象观测站1960年10月-2010年3月逐日平均气温、降水量、小型蒸发量等资料，选用线性趋势、M-K突变、Morlet小波、积温干燥度指数以及气候干湿指数等方法，对贵州干季（10月-翌年3月）气象干旱进行分析。结果表明：（1）1960-2010年贵州东西部区域干季降水量均无显著线性变化趋势，但有一定的阶段性变化特点；西部区域2002年之后降水量呈极显著减少趋势，其线性变化率为-59.5mm·10a^-1（P<0.01），东部区域2005年之后降水量呈极显著减少趋势，其线性变化率为-97.7mm·10a^-1（P<0.01）。21世纪前10a贵州东西部区域气象干旱均呈加重趋势。两区域降水量的突变时段和周期性特征均存在显著性差异（P<0.05），西部区域1979年发生由多到少的突变，存在5～7a的周期振荡，东部区域1995年发生由多到少的突变，存在2～3a的周期振荡。（2）近50a西部区域的积温干燥度、气候干湿指数的变化比东部区域明显偏大、偏低，西部区域的气象干旱比东部区域偏重。（3）贵州东西部区域的积温干燥度、气候干湿指数与降水距平百分率线性拟合率均较高，R²均在0.8以上，但西部区域更高，积温干燥度和气候干湿指数均能真实体现贵州东西部区域干季气象干旱程度。

关键词: 冬半年, 降水量, 干燥度, 气候干湿指数, 贵州

Abstract:

Based on the data of daily air temperature, precipitation, a small amount of evaporation capacity from 85 meteorological stations from October 1960 to March 2010 in Guizhou province, by using the methods of linear trend, M-K mutation, Morlet wavelet, accumulated temperature dryness index(ATDI) and arid-wet index(I), the meteorological drought situation in dry seasons (from October to March of next year) of Guizhou province was analyzed. The results showed that the precipitation did not changed obviously in western and eastern region of Guizhou province, though with a little periodical change. In the western region, the precipitation had reduced since 2002, with the linear tendency -59.5mm·10y^-1(P<0.01).In the eastern region, the precipitation had reduced since 2005, with the linear tendency -97.7mm·10y^-1(P<0.01).The regional meteorological drought in western and eastern region of Guizhou Province increased in 1990s, and there was significant differenton the period of sudden change and periodical characteristics (P＜0.05) for precipitation in the two regions.In the western region, the sudden change of amounts occurred in 1979, with the periodical concussion of 5-7 years. In the eastern region, the sudden change occurred in 1995, with the periodical concussion of 2-3 years. In last 50 years, the aridity index and arid-wet index in western region were larger and lower obviously than that of eastern region and the meteorological drought in western region was severe than that of the eastern region.The temperature dryness, the arid-wet index and the linear fitting rate of precipitation anomaly percentage were quite high in the two regions, and all of R² exceeded 0.8,and the western region was higher than that of the eastern region.The temperature dryness and the arid-wet index could reflect the meteorological drought extent dry seasons in eastern and western region of Guihzou province.

Key words: Winter half year, Precipitation, Aridity index, Arid-wet index, Guizhou Province

池再香，李贵琼，白慧，龙先菊，潘徐燕，肖艳林. 干季贵州省东西部区域干湿状况差异分析[J]. 中国农业气象, 2016, 37(03): 361-367.

CHI Zai-xiang, LI Gui-qiong, BAI Hui, LONG Xian-ju,PAN Xu-yan, XIAO Yan-lin. Difference of Dry and Wet Conditions during Dry Season in Western and Eastern of Guizhou Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(03): 361-367.

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干季贵州省东西部区域干湿状况差异分析

Difference of Dry and Wet Conditions during Dry Season in Western and Eastern of Guizhou Province

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