黄土高原植被净初级生产力的时空变化及其与气候因子的关系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2016.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以西北典型植被脆弱区黄土高原为研究区，利用AVHRR GIMMS和MODIS两种NDVI数据源，基于CASA模型对1982-2014年黄土高原植被净初级生产力（NPP）进行模拟，并分析其时空变化特征及其与气候因子的关系。结果表明：黄土高原年均植被NPP为254.0gC?m-2，1982-2014年总体呈增加趋势。不同植被类型NPP有较大差异，落叶阔叶林NPP值最高，年均NPP达513.0gC?m-2，其次为常绿针叶林、草甸、农田、灌丛和草原。黄土高原植被NPP空间分布差异显著，表现出南高北低的特点。从NPP年际变化的空间分布来看，在退耕还林还草生态工程实施之前（1982-1998年），黄土高原大部分区域植被NPP变化不明显。自1999年后该区植被NPP增加趋势显著，增速达到5.38gC?m-2?a-1。在空间分布上，66.6%的区域植被NPP呈显著增加趋势，主要分布在陕北高原、山西中西部的吕梁-太行山等地。退耕还林等生态工程的实施，使该区植被状况得到改善。黄土高原植被NPP与降水量具有显著的相关性，但与气温相关性不大，说明降水是影响黄土高原植被NPP的主要因素。

关键词: 净初级生产力, AVHRR GIMMS NDVI, MODIS NDVI, CASA模型, 黄土高原, 时空变化, 气候因子

Abstract:

Based on AVHRR GIMMS NDVI and MODIS NDVI data, spatial-temporal variations of the net primary productivity (NPP) in the Chinese Loess Plateau from 1982 to 2014 was simulated using CASA model. Besides, the relationship between NPP and climate factors was analyzed at grid scale. The results showed that average annual NPP from 1982 to 2014 was 254.0gC?m-2 in the Chinese Loess Plateau and the NPP has increased over the past three decades. The average annual NPP of deciduous broadleaf forest was 513.0gC?m-2, which was the highest for different vegetation types, followed by evergreen coniferous forest, meadow, cropland, shrub and steppe. The NPP differs greatly between different vegetation types. There was significant spatial difference of vegetation NPP, and the NPP of the south parts of the study area was higher than that of the north part. Since 1999, the government of China began to carry out the police that is “replace agriculture with forestation and conserve forest” in the study area. Before the project of returning farmland to forestland or grassland (1982-1998), there was no significant change of vegetation NPP in most regions of the study area. However, since the implementation of large-scale vegetation construction from 1999, the annual mean NPP of the study area has increased significantly at a rate of 5.38gC?m-2. About 66.6% of the study area showed an increasing NPP trend, especially in northern Shaanxi Plateau, Taihang-Lvliang mountains, where significant increase in vegetation NPP has been seen. The green for grain project has greatly improved the vegetation state. The NPP had a significant positive correlation with the precipitation, but it had no obvious relationship with temperature. Therefore, precipitation is the main factor driving vegetation NPP change.

Key words: Net primary productivity(NPP) , AVHRR GIMMS NDVI, MODIS NDVI, CASA model, The Chinese Loess Plateau, Spatial and temporal variation, Climate factors

史晓亮，杨志勇，王馨爽，高军，胡艳. 黄土高原植被净初级生产力的时空变化及其与气候因子的关系[J]. 中国农业气象, 2016, 37(04): 445-453.

SHI Xiao-liang, YANG Zhi-yong, WANG Xin-shuang?, GAO Jun, HU Yan. Spatial and Temporal Variation of Net Primary Productivity and Its Relationship with Climate Factors in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(04): 445-453.

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