华东地区夏季极端高温特征及其对植被的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2017.01.005

中国农业气象 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (01): 42-51.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2017.01.005

华东地区夏季极端高温特征及其对植被的影响

葛非凡，毛克彪，蒋跃林，谭雪兰，赵映慧，夏浪

1. 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院，合肥 230036；2. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/呼伦贝尔草原生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，北京 100081；3. 湖南农业大学资源环境学院，长沙410128；4. 东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨150030；5. 北京农林科学院国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心，北京 100097

收稿日期:2016-06-06 出版日期:2017-01-20 发布日期:2017-01-16
作者简介:葛非凡（1992?），助理研究员，主要从事气候变化研究。E-mail: gffwrss@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（41571427）；国家重点研发计划重点专项（2016YFC0500203）

Extreme High-temperature in Summer and Its Impacts on Vegetation in East China

GE Fei-fan, MAO Ke-biao, JIANG Yue-lin, TAN Xue-lan, ZHAO Ying-hui, XIA Lang

1. School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; 2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning / National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; 3.?College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128; 4. College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin, 150030; 5. Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097

Received:2016-06-06 Online:2017-01-20 Published:2017-01-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于中国华东地区79个气象站1971?2006年夏季逐日地面最高气温和1981?2006年先进超高分辨率辐射计（AVHRR）的归一化植被指数(NDVI)资料，分析华东地区夏季极端高温热浪频次和平均持续时间的空间分布特征，并利用Morlet小波变换分析极端高温次数的周期性变化规律，同时采用奇异值分解（SVD）研究华东地区极端高温次数与植被指数之间的联系。结果表明：（1）华东地区夏季极端高温热浪频次的空间分布主要以北低南高，东低西高，平原高山区低为主。平均持续时间相对于频次，其高值区更靠近沿海。（2）华东地区夏季极端高温次数主要受22a、9a、4a左右的尺度波动影响。其中22a左右的时间尺度为第一主周期，周期振荡在整个时域中表现较稳定。第二主周期为9a左右，周期振荡的振幅从1994年开始逐渐由小增大，将对未来产生重要影响。（3）华东地区夏季极端高温次数与NDVI存在显著相关。当华东中南部地区夏季极端高温次数偏高时，江苏东部地区的夏季植被覆盖度偏低，而山东北部地区和江西西南及西北地区的夏季植被覆盖度偏高；当山东中部地区夏季极端高温次数偏低时，山东东北地区的夏季植被覆盖度偏高，而江苏东部、福建南部和江西北部的夏季植被覆盖度偏低。

关键词: 极端高温, 小波, 周期, 奇异值分解, 植被

Abstract: Based on daily maximum surface air temperature data during 1971?2006 and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data of AVHRR during 1981?2006, the frequency and average duration days of summer extreme heat wave were analyzed by using method of Morlet wavelet transform, as well as the periodic variation about the occurrence times of extreme high-temperature. Meanwhile, the relationship between the occurrence times of extreme high-temperature and NVDI was analyzed by using Singular Value Decomposing (SVD) in East China. The results showed that, (1) the frequency of summer extreme heat wave in East China showed that southern region was higher than the northern, the western was higher than the eastern, the plain region was higher than the mountainous region. But high value areas of average duration days were closed to the sea. (2) Occurrence times of summer extreme high-temperature in East China were mainly affected by three temporal scales which were 22 years, 9 years and 4 years. Among three temporal scales, the scale fluctuation around 22 years was the first primary period with a relatively stable oscillation throughout the whole time domain. The second primary period was around 9 years, its oscillation amplitude had been gradually increasing from the beginning of 1994, which could have been a great impact in the future. (3) NDVI correlated significantly with the occurrence times of summer extreme high-temperature in East China. The summer vegetation coverage was lower in the east of Jiangsu, while higher in the north of Shandong as well as the southwest and northwest of Jiangxi, when the occurrence times of summer extreme high-temperature in the south and center of East China were above normal. The summer vegetation coverage was higher in the northeast of Shandong, while lower in the east of Jiangsu as well as the south of Fujian and the north of Jiangxi, when the occurrence times of summer extreme high-temperature in the center of Shandong region were below normal.

Key words: Extreme high-temperature, Wavelet, Period, Singular value decomposition, Vegetation

葛非凡，毛克彪，蒋跃林，谭雪兰，赵映慧，夏浪. 华东地区夏季极端高温特征及其对植被的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2017, 38(01): 42-51.

GE Fei-fan, MAO Ke-biao, JIANG Yue-lin, TAN Xue-lan, ZHAO Ying-hui, XIA Lang. Extreme High-temperature in Summer and Its Impacts on Vegetation in East China[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2017, 38(01): 42-51.

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华东地区夏季极端高温特征及其对植被的影响

Extreme High-temperature in Summer and Its Impacts on Vegetation in East China

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