初花期喷镧对UV-B辐射增强下紫花苜蓿光合及荧光特性的
影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2017.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在温室大棚内采用样方法条播和叶面喷施技术，以紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)为试验材料，UV-B辐射增强设5%(T1)和10%(T2)2个梯度，镧(Lanthanum) 喷施设30、60和90mg·L-1 3个浓度，以植株上方悬挂灯架但不安装紫外灯管且不喷施镧的处理为对照（CK），研究UV-B辐射增强下喷施镧对紫花苜蓿光合及荧光特性的影响。结果表明：（1）在UV-B 辐射增强条件下，紫花苜蓿叶片叶绿素a（Chla）、叶绿素b（Chlb）、净光合速率（A）、蒸腾速率（E）、气孔导度（gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量（Fv/Fm）、光化学淬灭（qP）和非光化学淬灭（NPQ）均低于对照，表观光合电子传递效率（ETR）则高于对照（CK），说明UV-B辐射增强会降低紫花苜蓿叶片的光合特性。（2）喷施镧后，紫花苜蓿初花期、盛花期和成熟期叶片以上各指标均相应高于T1和T2处理，其中以在UV-B辐射增强5%条件下喷施30mg·L-1和UV-B辐射增强10%条件下喷施60mg·L-1镧效果显著（P＜0.05），说明一定浓度的镧可以缓解UV-B辐射增强对紫花苜蓿光合特性造成的伤害，叶片光合作用得以增强；随着生育期的推进，紫花苜蓿叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量持续上升，说明UV-B辐射和镧的喷施对紫花苜蓿叶片糖和蛋白的合成有一定促进作用。

关键词: 镧, UV-B, 紫花苜蓿, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光特性

Abstract: Taking Medicago sativa as an experimental material, the experiment was implemented in the plastic greenhouse in Shenyang, April-October, 2015. Lanthanum (La) was sprayed in the early flowering stage, conducted nine treatments, which were CK (no UV-B radiation and La treatment), T1 (only subjecting to 5% UV-B radiation), T13 (subjecting 5% UV-B radiation and spraying 30mg·L-1 La), T16 (subjecting 5% UV-B radiation and spraying 60mg·L-1 La ), T19 (subjecting 5% UV-B radiation and spraying 90mg·L-1 La), T2 (only subjecting to 10% UV-B radiation), T23 (subjecting 10% UV-B radiation and spraying 30mg·L-1 La), T26 (subjecting 10% UV-B radiation and spraying 60mg·L-1 La ), and T29 (subjecting 10% UV-B radiation and spraying 90mg·L-1 La), to reveal the effects of spraying La in early flowering stages on physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa under enhanced UV-B radiation. The results showed that, with the increased of UV-B radiation, Chla, Chlb, A, E, gs, Ci, Fv/Fm, qP and NPQ declined compared with those of CK, so it was concluded that UV-B radiation can reduce the photosynthetic characters of Medicago sativa leaves; On the contrary, with sprayed the concentrations of La (sprayed the 30mg·L-1 of La under UV-B radiation enhanced by 5%, sprayed the 60mg·L-1 of La under UV-B radiation enhanced by 10%), the above indicators significantly enhanced by 12.91%, 11.93%, 22.22%, 22.25%, 96.26%, 7.10%, 12.85%, 11.55%, 123.66% and 140.81%, 63.12%, 37.90%, 22.80%, 108.28%, 6.08%, 3.81%, 37.95%, 199.68%, respectively. Results showed that sprayed La can alleviate the damage of photosynthetic characters of Medicago sativa leaves under UV-B radiation. In addition, the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein was also increased in the growth period, it demonstrated that UV-B radiation and La could promote the synthesis of sugar and protein of Medicago sativa leaves.

Key words: Lanthanum(III), UV-B radiation, Medicago sativa, Photosynthetic characteristics, Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

王伟，王岩，梁变变，赵天宏，田荣荣，武红艳. 初花期喷镧对UV-B辐射增强下紫花苜蓿光合及荧光特性的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2017, 38(04): 230-239.

WANG Wei, WANG Yan, LIANG Bian-bian, ZHAO Tian-hong, TIAN Rong-rong, WU Hong-yan. Effects of Spraying Lanthanum in Early Flowering Stage on Photosynthetic Characters and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Medicago sativa under Enhanced UV-B Radiation[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2017, 38(04): 230-239.

参考文献

[1]Biever J J,Gardenr G.The relationship between multiple UV-B perception mechanisms and DNA repair pathways in plants[J].Environment and Experimental Botany,2016,124:89-99. [2]Sunita K,Anjan J,Kandur N G.Impact of increasing Ultraviolet-B(UV-B)radiation on photosynthetic processes[J]. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Biology,2014, 137:55-66. [3]王娟,王毅,陈宗瑜,等.UV-B辐射强度变化对烤烟光合生理和化学品质的影响[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(3):250-257. Wang J,Wang Y,Chen Z Y.Effects of UV-B radiation intensity variation on tobacco photosynthetic physiology and chemical quality[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2014,35(3): 250-257.(in Chinese) [4]韩艳,韩晨光,崔荣华,等.外源水杨酸对UV-B增强下花生叶片光合特性的影响[J].中国农业气象,2016,37(4):437-444. Han Y,Han C G,Cui R H,et al. Effects of exogenous salicylic acid on photosynthetic characteristics of peanut leaves under elevated UV-B radiation[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(4):437-444.(in Chinese) [5]李良博,张连根,唐天向,等.UV-B辐射增强对紫茎泽兰和艾草抗性生理特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(2): 343-352. Li L B,Zhang L G,Tang T X,et al.Influence of enhanced UV-B on physiological characteristics of Eupatorium adenophorum L and Artemisia argyi Levl[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin., 2016,36(2):343-352.(in Chinese) [6]Hui R,Li X R,Zhao R M,et al.UV-B radiation suppresses chlorophyll fluorescence,photosynthetic pigment and antioxidant systems of two key species in soil crusts from the Tengger Desert[J].China Journal of Arid Environments,2015, 113:6-15. [7]Zhang J J,Zhang T T,Lu Q Q,et al.Oxidative effects, nutrients and metabolic changes in aquatic macrophyte,Elodea nuttallii, following exposure to lanthanum[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2015,115:159-165. [8]Shen Y C,Zhang S R,Li S,et al.Eucalyptus tolerance mechanisms to lanthanum and cerium:subcellular distribution antioxidant system and thiol pools[J].Chemosphere,2014,117: 567-574. [9]Wang L H,Wang W,Zhou Q,et al.Combined effects of lanthanum(III) chloride and acid rain on photosynthetic parameters in rice[J].Chemosphere,2014,112:355-361. [10]任红玉,周丽华,朱晓鑫,等.UV-B辐射增强条件下稀土镧对大豆品质的影响[J].大豆科学,2013,32(3):345-348. Ren H Y,Zhou L H,Zhu X X,et al.Effect of La on the soybean quality under elevated ultraviolet-B radiation[J]. Soybean Science,2013,32(3):345-348.(in Chinese) [11]Hu H Q,Wang L H,Li Y L,et al.Insight into mechanism of lanthanum(III) induced damage to plant photosynthesis[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2016,127:43-50. [12]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000. Zhou Q.Plant physiology experiment instruction [M]. Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2000.(in Chinese) [13]赵天宏,刘轶鸥,王岩,等.O3浓度升高和UV-B辐射增强对大豆叶片叶绿素含量和活性氧代谢的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(5):1277-1283. Zhao T H,Liu Y O,Wang Y,et al.Effects of elevated O3 concentration and UV-B radiation on the chlorophyll content and active oxygen metabolism of soybean leaves[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(5):1277-1283.(in Chinese) [14]Zhu P J,Li Y.Ambient UV-B radiation inhibits the growth and physiology of Brassica napus L on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau[J].Field Crops Research,2015,171:79-85. [15]Michal S,Zuzana M,Daniel V,et al.Protective effect of UV-A radiation during acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus to UV-B treatment[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2015,96:90-96. [16]Yang Q,Li Y L,Wang L H,et al.Effect of lanthanum(III) on the production ethylene and reactive oxygen species in soybean seedlings exposed to the enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014, 104:152-159. [17]娄运生,韩艳,刘朝阳,等.UV-B 增强下施硅对大麦抽穗期光合和蒸腾生理日变化的影响[J].中国农业气象,2013, 34(6):668-672. Lou Y S,Han Y,Liu Z Y,et al. Effects of silicon fertilization on diurnal variations of photosynthesis and transpiration at barley heading stage under elevated UV-B radiation[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology,2013,34(6):668-672.(in Chinese) [18]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982, 33:317-345. [19]王伟,王岩,赵天宏,等.刈割UV-B辐射增强下紫花苜蓿光合及荧光特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(7):1721- 1729. Wang W,Wang Y,Zhao T H,et al.Effect of cutting on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Medicago sativa under enhanced UV-B radiation[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(7):1721-1729.(in Chinese) [20]Mirka S,Ladislav N,Michal V.Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Norway Spruce Needles[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2000,156: 234-241. [21]王锦旗,郑有飞,薛艳.UV-B辐射对菹草成株叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(7):1898-1904. Wang J Q,Zheng Y F,Xue Y.Influence of ultraviolet radiation on physiological characteristics of Potamogeton crispus[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,34(7):1898-1904.(in Chinese) [22]马晓丽,冀瑞萍,李亚莉.一氧化氮对增强UV-B辐射后白菜叶绿素荧光特性和Rubisco活化酶的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(7):1440-1445. Ma X L,Ji R P,Li Y L.Effects of nitric oxide and enhanced UV-B radiation on chlorophyⅡ fluorescence and rubisco activase of Chinese cabbage seedling[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2016, 30(7):1440-1445.(in Chinese)