湖南2008年极端冰冻特大灾害气候特点及影响评估

中国农业气象 ›› 2009, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (S1): 148-153.

湖南2008年极端冰冻特大灾害气候特点及影响评估

周慧;黄小玉;黎祖贤;刘电英;居晶林;

湖南省防灾减灾重点实验室;湖南省气象台;益阳市气象台;湖南省气侯中心;

出版日期:2009-12-15 发布日期:2009-12-15
基金资助:
国家863计划专项(2006AA01A123)“天气要素精细(乡镇)预报业务系统建设与改进、重点项目低温冰冻灾害天气研究、Grapes模式暴雨研究及其检验评估和湖南省高分辨率数值预报释用技术研究”

Analysis and Impact Assessment of Extreme Freezing Disaster in Hunan Province in 2008

Online:2009-12-15 Published:2009-12-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用湖南96个气象台站超过50a的逐日气温、降水和天气资料,确定了定义低温、降雪、严寒期、冰冻等指标的方法,对2008年年初湖南低温雨雪冰冻灾害的空间分布、持续时间、历史强度和灾害影响等进行了综合分析。结果表明:2008年1月中旬-2月上旬,湖南出现了有完整气象记录以来罕见的特大低温冰冻雨雪极端灾害天气,最大连续低温日数、最长连续严寒期天数和最大连续冰冻日数均为1951年以来历史同期的最大值,综合各种指标统计为特大型气象灾害。此次灾害具有降温幅度大、影响范围广、持续时间长、发生强度大等特点,对湖南农业、林业、电力、交通、人民生活等方面产生了重大影响。

关键词: 低温冰冻, 灾害天气, 气候特点, 影响评估

Abstract: By using more than 50 years climatic data of the daily temperature and precipitation at 96 weather stations in Hunan province,the methods of definition of low temperature,snowfall,freeze-up,frost indexes were confirmed.The space distribution,duration,historical intensity and disaster impacts of low temperature sleety frozen disasters in Hunan province in early 2008 were comprehensive analyzed.The results showed that this low temperature sleety frozen extreme disaster weather rarely happened since the entire meteorological records in Hunan province from the middle Jan.to the early Feb.in 2008.The maximal persistent low temperature days,the longest persistent freeze-up days and the maximal persistent frozen days were the maximum values compared with the same historical periods since 1951.It was considered as the extreme climatic disaster by synthesizing various indexes and statistics.The characteristics of the disaster were intensively temperature falling,widely impacts,long duration and high intensity,resulting in great impacts on agriculture,forestry,electric power,transportation and people's daily life in Hunan province.

Key words: Low temperature freezing, Disaster weather, Climatic characteristics, Impact assessment

周慧;黄小玉;黎祖贤;刘电英;居晶林;. 湖南2008年极端冰冻特大灾害气候特点及影响评估[J]. 中国农业气象, 2009, 30(S1): 148-153.

ZHOU Hui1,2,HUANG Xiao-yu1,2,LI Zu-xian1,2,LIU Dian-ying3,JU Jing-lin4(1.Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction in Hunan Province,Changsha 410007,China;2.Hunan Meteorological Observatory, Changsha 410007;3.Yiyang Meteorological Station,Yiyang 413000;4.Hunan Climate Center,Changsha 410007). Analysis and Impact Assessment of Extreme Freezing Disaster in Hunan Province in 2008[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2009, 30(S1): 148-153.

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