Abstract: Based on the statistical yearbook data of Henan province from 2000 to 2020, such as production input, cultivated land area, crop sown area and crop yield, the carbon emission at input end of crop production in Henan province was calculated to analyze the characteristics of carbon reduction in crop production, using the emission factor method that relied on five indexes of fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film, diesel fuel and irrigation, which provide the theoretical basis for achieving green and low-carbon transformation of agricultural production in Henan province. The results show that, except for the irrigation area, the usage of various inputs in crop production in Henan province showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing from 2000 to 2020. The total carbon emissions from various crop production inputs also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The highest point was reached in 2015, reaching 8.6732 million tons, and by 2020, the total carbon emissions had decreased by 10.27% compared to that of 2015. In the average carbon emissions over 21 years, fertilizer had the highest emissions, followed by agricultural plastic film, agricultural diesel, pesticides, and agricultural irrigation, accounting for 73.35%, 9.41%, 8.08%, 7.77% and 1.39% respectively. Therefore, fertilizer is the main source of carbon emissions. The carbon emission intensity of crop production inputs in Henan province showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing from 2009 to 2020. In 2015, it reached the highest value of 1.0670t·ha⁻¹, but by 2020, the carbon emission intensity had decreased by 2.87% compared to that of 2015. The study found that carbon emissions from crop production inputs are significantly affected by policies. As the main source of carbon emissions in crop production, reducing emissions and increasing efficiency is still an important measure, followed by the rational use of agricultural plastic film. Strengthening policy guidance, controlling the use of fertilizers and pesticides, implementing actions to reduce fertilizer and pesticide use while increasing efficiency, promoting the demonstration and popularization of high-quality and efficient green pest control technologies, and regulating the use and recycling of agricultural plastic film are all effective ways to reduce carbon emissions from crop production in Henan province.

Key words: Statistical Yearbook, Crop production, Emission factor method, Carbon emissions