Abstract:

During the autumn (September–November) of 2025, the national average temperature was 10.8℃, marking the seventh consecutive year above 10.0℃. This ranked as the sixth highest for the corresponding period since 1961. The national average precipitation reached 155.6mm, 32.4% more than the climatological average of the same period from 1991 to 2020, while the average sunshine hour was 546.9h, 4.1% less than the climatological average of the same period from 1991 to 2020. Most agricultural regions in northeast and south China experienced favorable thermal conditions and adequate sunlight, while meteorological conditions generally were conducive to the grain filling, maturation, harvesting and drying of autumn crops. However, during mid−September to mid−October 2025, prolonged and widespread overcast and rainy weather occurred in the autumn-sowing areas in the north of China such as the Huanghuai region, the east of the northwest region, hindering the progress of autumn harvesting and sowing and adversely affecting the emergence and early growth of winter wheat. The strong winds and heavy rains brought by the typhoons caused waterlogging in low-lying farmlands in areas such as eastern Jiangnan, the southeastern coastal regions and western south China, adversely affecting the grain filling, maturation, harvesting and drying of autumn crops.

Key words: Agrometeorological conditions, Agricultural Production, Meteorological disasters, Harvesting and sowing in autumn