Determination of the Optimal Harvest Period for the Grape Variety Cabernet Sauvignon in Gravel Vineyard at the Eastern Foothills of Helan Mountain

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2020.09.003

Abstract

Abstract: The vineyards are developing very fast in recently year at the eastern foothills of Helan mountain in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of Northwest China as the wine industry is invested by the incentive of the local policy.‘Cabernet Sauvignon’is the dominated grape variety for the wine industry with the cultivation extension in the past years. The wine quality is subject to the mature degree of the grape, therefore, the harvest dates are of very importance in order to make high quality wine. The best grape harvested in the optimal period is helpful for the formation of the characteristics of chateau. A case study for identifying the optimal harvest period of grape was carried out from August 21 to October 9, 2018. This experiment was conducted in gravel vineyard and the grape was harvested in different dates and then the contents of reducing sugar, the titratable acid, the soluble solids, the total phenols, the tannins and anthocyanins, pH, the sugar-acid ratio and the solid-acid ratio in grape fruits were measured in the laboratory thereafter. The K-means clustering analysis and the principal component analysis were applied to comprehensively evaluate the quality indices of the grape fruit, analyze the changes of the fruit quality index content of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape against the different harvest date, and then to conclude the best harvest period of the grape variety ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ in gravel vineyard at the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain, Ningxia. The results showed that every quality index of the grape fruits basically meets the requirements of high-quality wine brewing if the grape is harvested September 10 afterwards although these indices varied to some extent with the harvest date. The results also showed that the harvest date has strong impact on the grape quality. After the K-means clustering analysis, two harvest periods were recommended, the early one is from August 21 to September 7, and the later one is from September 10 to October 9 in which period the harvested grape may be used to make the high quality wine. The principal component analysis was applied further to evaluate the grape quality harvested in the later period. The results showed that the overall scores of the grapes harvested during the period from September 28 to October 9 were all greater than zero, and the highest score of 1.84 was on September 28. This study concludes that in the case of the meteorological conditions in 2018 the optimal harvest period for the grape Cabernet Sauvignon in gravel vineyard at the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was from September 10 to October 9, in which the best harvest date was September 28.

Key words:

CLC Number:

CHEN Ren-wei，ZHANG Xiao-yu，YANG Yu，WANG Jing，ZHANG Ya-hong，HU Hong-yuan，DING Yong-ping. Determination of the Optimal Harvest Period for the Grape Variety Cabernet Sauvignon in Gravel Vineyard at the Eastern Foothills of Helan Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2020, 41(09): 564-574.

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