Abstract:

Using walnut variety 'Wen 185' as the test material, the changes in the surface microclimate and the external quality of the fruit in different crown positions and canopies were observed, and the correlation between the microclimate and the external quality of the fruit was analyzed. At different heights in the canopy, as the canopy area went from the lower layer to the upper layer, the average light intensity and temperature of the fruit surface during the whole development period increased, and the average humidity decreased. Nut dry weight, nut longitudinal diameter, nut transverse diameter, nut shell thickness, and kernel dry weight all increased to varying degrees, while the shell dew kernel rate decreased; within the same height canopy, the difference in the microclimate environment and fruit quality on the surface of the fruit was significantly smaller than the difference between the bottom layer and the upper layer of the canopy. The high-quality walnut fruits were mainly concentrated in the outer and upper layers of the canopy; in different positions of the canopy, the surface light intensity and temperature of the fruits on the east and south sides were higher than those on the north and west sides, but the humidity on the east side was higher than that on the west side. The light intensity was significantly different in different directions, and there was no significant difference in temperature and humidity; The external quality of fruits in different orientations and different canopies were significantly different, and had a strong correlation with the surface microclimate of the fruit. Among them, the fruit fresh weight, the thickness of the green peel, the fresh weight of the nut, the dry weight of the nut, the longitudinal diameter of the nut, the nut Horizontal diameter, shell thickness, kernel dry weight were significantly positively correlated with light intensity and temperature, and were significantly negatively correlated with humidity; the husk kernel rate was extremely significantly negatively correlated with fruit surface light intensity and temperature, and was significantly negatively correlated with fruit surface humidity, and there was a significant negative correlation. The fruit husks on the east and south canopies had the strongest negative correlation with light intensity (−0.965, −0.838) and temperature (−0.895, −0.878). The north and west canopies The strongest positive correlation was between the weight and the humidity, the correlation coefficients were 0.929 and 0.945, respectively; The fruit surface light intensity had the greatest impact on fruit quality in different orientations and canopy heights. The effect of fruit surface temperature on fruit quality was second only to light intensity, while fruit surface humidity had relatively little effect on fruit quality. The microclimate of the fruit surface in the corresponding area in the canopy significantly affects the establishment of walnut fruit structure, and its synergistic effect had a greater impact on walnut fruit quality. The east and south sides of the canopy, the upper layer and the periphery received better light intensity and temperature, which was conducive to the growth and development of the fruit. The quality of fruits in the middle and lower layers of the canopy and the middle and inside of the canopy was more strongly affected by the microclimate environment. Horticultural measures based on the leaf structure and fruit quality characteristics could improve the microclimate environment on the surface of the fruit, which was conducive to the overall improvement of walnut fruit quality.

Key words: font-size:10.5pt, ">Walnutfont-size:10.5pt, ">, font-size:10.5pt, ">Micro-environmental factorsfont-size:10.5pt, ">, font-size:10.5pt, ">Positionsfont-size:10.5pt, ">, font-size:10.5pt, ">Canopyfont-size:10.5pt, ">, font-size:10.5pt, ">Development periodfont-size:10.5pt, ">, font-size:10.5pt, ">Efont-size:10.5pt, ">xternalfont-size:10.5pt, "> , quality