Table of Content

10 April 2005, Volume 26 Issue 02

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Cover Download

Article Download

论文

Study on the Soil Arid and Its Sensitivity Phase Over Chinese Loess Plateau

GONG Jian-fu~1, WANG Yi-rong~2, ZHANG Cun-jie~1 (1.Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China; 2.Meteorological Bureau of Dingxi)

2005, 26(02):  67-72. 

Asbtract ( 7987 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

By investigating distributing of soil arid over Chinese plateau during recent 40 years. Results showed that there had been the whole and regional distributing in the evolvement of arid over Chinese plateau in 480 months and from July to October. By using wavelet analysis,2 years and 4 years variation period change was identified remarkably. Also the arid had changes amplitude and period,flowed from the sensitivity regions to around in Chinese loess plateau.

Analysis and Confirm on the Net Radiation Model Parameter of Short-Wave in the Chinese land

CHEN Zhi-quan (College of Agronomy,Agricultureal University of HuNan, Changsha 410128, China)

2005, 26(02):  73-76. 

Asbtract ( 8452 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Making use of the meteorological data that the Chinese National Climate Center provided in internet, and according to the analysis of data and ascertain of basic parameters about short-wave net radiation model, short-wave net radiation model in China land was set up in this paper. The nonlinear regression model of reflectivity suit to the northeast area and the no-desert area in the northern Xinjiang in China was put forward. According to the experience coefficient of sunshine percentage and absolute humidity which influenced to short-wave net radiation, the results showed that the sunshine percentage was the main influences factor, and that the fitting accuracy of this model in higher elevation was higher than that of lower elevation.

A study on Neutron Probes Soil Water Content Measurements for Climate Observation Field and Cropland

MAO Fei~(1), LIU Xiao-hong~(2), HU Qiu-juan~(3), ZHANG Jia-hua~(1),LIU Xiu-jiang~(4), ZHAO Xiao-fei~(5) (1.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,China;2.Hebei Meteorological Bureau;3.Shenzhou Meteorological Bureau;4.Huanghua Meteorological Bureau;5.Bazhou Meteorological Bureau)

2005, 26(02):  77-80. 

Asbtract ( 6796 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In this paper, dynamic variations of soil moisture for climate observation field and cropland using neutron probes were compared. The results showed that the differences of both were obvious. The regression equations of neutron probes(IAG-Ⅱ)in three climate observation fields of Shenzhou, Huanghua and Bazhou of Hebei province were built. By comparison with the data measured using soil drill, for the soil below 30cm, one regression equation of neutron probe was adopted in Shenzhou and two regression equations in Huanghua. The regression equation of neutron probe (503DR) in examination plots of soil moisture in Gucheng was built. By comparison with the data measured using soil drill, the regression equation could be adopted for the soil below 30cm. For the soil between 0-30cm, measuring soil moisture using soil drill was proposed.

Assessment System of Crop Condition and Growth Status of Winter Wheat in Eastern Gansu

GUO Hai-ying~(1,2),YANG Xing-guo~(1),MA Peng-li~(1) (1.Institute of Arid-meteorology, CMA, Lanzhou 730020, China;2.XiFeng Top-ranking Experimentation Station of Agricultural Meteorology)

2005, 26(02):  81-84. 

Asbtract ( 8059 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Based on the defintion of growth condition by the multiply of leaf area and the plant height, regarded Dongzhiyuan of loess plateau of Eastern Gansu as a representative,the crop condition and growth status of winter wheat was calculated in different key growth phases such as stop-growth, drawing-knar and milk-ripe. The relationship between the crop condition and meteorological factors were analyzed in every phase. The results showed that there were no significant correlation between them in stop-growth, and that the growth condition in drawing-knar had a positive correlation with precipitation and a negative correlation with ≥ 0℃accumulated temperature and sunlight hours turn-green to drawing-knar, and that the growth condition had a positive correlation with sunlight hours during phase from milk-ripe to drawing-knar.

Effect of Temperature in Different Communities on Soil Respiration in Qilian Mountains

CHANG Zong-qiang~(1),SHI Zuo-min~(2),FENG Qi~(1) (1.Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;2.Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry)

2005, 26(02):  85-89. 

Asbtract ( 9823 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Temporal variations in soil respiration were detected in the area. The relationships between CO_2 evolution rate and temperature for the different communities could be best described by exponential equations. The influence of temperature was more conspicuous at low temperature than at higher temperature. Accordingly, the seasonal variations of soil respiration were not in complete accordance with temperature, especially in the mid-growing season with high temperature. Differences in the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration existed among the different communities. Q_(10) values of all communities were between 2.16～4.92, Picea crassifolia forest at altitude 2750 meters had higher Q_(10) value than other communities, which implied that different vegetation condition could affect the sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature.

Effect of CO_2 Concentration Increasing on the Photosynthetic Rate of Camellia sinensis

YANG Shu-yun,ZHANG Qing-guo,LI Wei,WANG Feng-wen (Anhui Agriculture University. Hefei 230036, China)

2005, 26(02):  90-94. 

Asbtract ( 8179 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The photosynthetic rate under different CO_2 concentration condition was measured during the growth stage of Camellia sinensis from March to July in 2004. The results showed that: when the temperature was above 34.0℃ and PAR reached about 800μmol m~(-2)s~(-1), the decreasing speed of photosynthetic rate due to high temperature became slow by enhancing the atmospheric CO_2 concentration. And the inhibited temperature enhances approximately 1～2℃ or 3～4℃ when the CO_2 concentration was 550ppm or 700ppm. Under a weak light (the PAR was below 400μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)) condition, although increasing CO_2 concentration could improve the photosynthesis rate, the effect of air temperature on the photosynthesis rate was more obvious. At this light condition, the most suitable temperature was 29.0～30.0℃, the photosynthesis rate would weaken even stop if the temperature exceed 30.0℃ or 34.0℃.

Effects of Vary Soil Moisture and Fertility Levels on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics in Maize

WANG Jian-cheng~(1,2), YAN Chang-rong~(1), BU Yu-shan~(2) (1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS, Beijing 100081,China;2.Shanxi Agriculture University)

2005, 26(02):  95-98. 

Asbtract ( 7045 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The experiment results showed that fluorescence parameters of the maize leaves at jointing stage was affected by the environmental factors such as soil moisture, light intensity, temperature and soil fertility levels, and the effect of the soil moisture was the most. As the moisture decreased, the basic fluorescene (F_(0)) of the maize leaves decreased, and the variable fluorescence (Fv) and photochemical efficiency(Fv/ Fm) and the potential activities of PSⅡ(Fv/ F_(0)) increased markedly. So the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters could be used as optimal indexes to study and judge the water condition of maize but the appropriate measuring time and speed must be paid attention to.

Drought Indicators and Their Applications in Field Scale

LIU Xiao-ying~1, HAO Wei-ping~1, ZHANG Jian~2 (1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Developmentin in Agriculture, Dryland Farming & Water Conservation Lab, CAAS, Beijing 100081,China;2.Zhejiang Provincial Agriculture Development & Investment Group Co., Ltd)

2005, 26(02):  99-105. 

Asbtract ( 7096 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

There are many kinds of drought indicators expressing drought stress in field scale. This paper briefly reviewed these indicators and their data availability, pointed out the advantages and shortcomings. The integrated drought stress indicator, CWSI, its calculating procedure and application in agricultural practices were mainly described. The established relations of CWSI-ETa/ET_(p) and CWSI-T_(a)/T_(p) based on the field water cycle is the most integrated method,which directly considered the integrated effect of soil, plant, and atmosphere, and also closely connected with crop growth. It has both strict theoretical basis and good data availabilitythat can be obtained from the routine meteorological observations, and thus should become the first choice in assessing effect of drought stress on crop yield in field scale.

Reviews on Crop Potential Productivity Researches

LI San-ai~(1,2),JU Hui~2,CHI Bao-liang~3 (1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shan Xi 030801,China; 2.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science; 3.Dryland Farming Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

2005, 26(02):  106-111. 

Asbtract ( 6775 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Developmental history of crop potential productivity from photosynthesis, photo-temperature, and climate to land potential productivity both domestic and international was reviewed in this paper. The current situation of crop potential productivity research were summarized and several research methodologies in common use were introduced. The existing problems of current researches and its developmental direction in future were also discussed. It was pointed out that crop dynamic model combining GIS would become a new developmental tendency on crop potential productivity researches.

Progress and Prospect in Research of Responses of Regional Crop Productivity to Global Change

WANG Zong-ming~(1,2),ZHANG Bai~(1) (1.Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China; 2.The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

2005, 26(02):  112-115. 

Asbtract ( 7429 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Regional response to global change is one of the important contents of global change researches. Crop productivity has become one of the focus problems in global change science due to its high sensitivity to climate change. Developing regional model of crop productivity coupled with regional climate model make it possible to analyze the time and spatial variables in the course of forming crop productivity. In addition, it can lay a foundation for establishing adaptive strategies according to different climate, soil, crop and managements at different place. This paper reviewed research methods on response of crop productivity to CO_(2) and climate change, and put forward that it would be the focus and research orientation to apply RS,GIS and crop simulation technology integrated with regional climate change model with high resolution, to study the crop productivity at regional level and its response to climate change.

Analysis on Meteorological Condition During the Growth Stage of Potato Mulched with Film Sowed in Winter in Wudu County

WANG Zhi-lu, SUN Chang, ZHANG Yan (Meteorological Bureau of Longnan, Wudu, Gansu 746000;China)

2005, 26(02):  116-118. 

Asbtract ( 7374 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

By analyzing the meteorological data during the growth stage of potato mulched with film sowed in winter and experiment data from 2000 to 2003, in Wudu county, Gansu province, the optimal sowing time and countermeasures to obtain high and steady yield were put forward.

A Study on Climatic Conditions During Growth of Carthamus tinctorius L. and Its Climatic Compartment in Xinjiang

REN Shui-lian~(1),WANG Jian~(2),WANG Xiao-mei~(1),SANG Chang-qing~(1) (1.Xinjiang Center of Environmental Meteorology, Urumchi 830002,China;2.Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration)

2005, 26(02):  119-122. 

Asbtract ( 8363 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

By analyzing the observation data in main producing Carthamus tinctorius L. areas of Xinjiang,the results showed that the accumulated temperature (≥5℃)was match to the requirement of Carthamus tinctorius L. growing, and the low temperature during seedling stage would make more branches, and the high temperature in blooming period would make bigger flower and high yield, and the low temperature during grouting period would make more fertile seeds. So the accumulated temperature (≥5℃)was recommended as the primary index and the daily average temperature during three key growth phases such as seeding stage, blooming period and grouting period,as an assistant index to regionalize the climatic compartment of Carthamus tinctorius L. in Xinjiang.

A Study on Relationship Between Air Temperature and Early Blooming Time of Malus

MAO Ming-ce~1,LIU Min-ru~2,JIANG Chuang-ye~1,CHEN Jian-wen~1 (1.The Meteorology Service Department for Cash Crop of Shaanxi Province Xi'an 710015, China; 2.The Meteorology School of Shaanxi Province)

2005, 26(02):  123-124. 

Asbtract ( 7330 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The blooming time is sensitive to the meteorological conditions. By analyzing the observation data of meteorology and phenology of Malus in Changwu county, Shaanxi province, during 1995-2002, the results showed that:(1)the early blooming period started when daily average temperature accessed to 10℃;(2)there was a positive relationship between the early blooming time and the accumulated temperature (≥5℃) from spring, and the maximum coefficient appeared 14 days beforeblooming; (3)there was a significant negative relationship between the early blooming time and 266-277 days before blooming, and the coefficient was relatively stable, so it could be suggested as an approach for forecasting blooming time.

Investigation of Climatic Condition During Growth Stage of Depoisoned Sweet Potato and Planting Technology to High Yield in Guizhou Province

WU Deng-xiu,CHEN Guan-qing (Tongren Meteorological Bureau, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China;)

2005, 26(02):  125-128. 

Asbtract ( 7304 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

By experimenting of planting and transplanting depoisoned sweet potato18 (Ipomoea batatas) by stages and observing local meteorological factors at the same time in Chuantong town and Huangba town of Tongren city, Guizhou province, the optimal meteorological condition and site were analyzed.

Analysis on the Climatic Conditions of Pinellia ternate Cultivation in Xiuwen County

LIU Yue-hui,ZHOU Zhe-jian (Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province,Xiuwen 550200,China)

2005, 26(02):  129-130. 

Asbtract ( 6698 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Based on the experiments of Pinellia ternate cultivation in Xiuwen County,Guizhou province, during 2001-2003, the suitable climatic conditions to Pinellia ternate cultivation were analyzed. The result could provide the scientific foundation for Pinellia ternate cultivation.

Water Balance Analysis to Tree Strip Environment of Caragana microphlla under Different Water-harvesting Treatments

CHENG Liu-san~1,LI Xiao-yan~(1,2),XIAO Hong-lang~1 (1.Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences, LanZhou 730000,China; 2.China Center of Desert Research, College of Resources Science & Technology, Beijing Normal University)

2005, 26(02):  131-135. 

Asbtract ( 6591 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to solve the problem of bad growth of caragana microphylla due to water shortage in arid and semi-arid region, water balance of tree strip environment under different rain-harvest treatments were studied in this paper. The results showed that water collecting area had obvious effects on coming water flow, water consumption, soil moisture and water balance of tree strips. The water surplus produced by 50m~2 water collecting area was more than other three areas.

Ecological and Climate Analysis of Tea Production in Hill and Upland Region of Hanzhong Basin

YUAN Ying-ze~(1,2),LI Jin-hui~3 (1.Environment and Resource Institute of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000,China;2.Nanzheng Meteorological Office;3.Baoji Meteorological Bureau)

2005, 26(02):  136-138. 

Asbtract ( 6881 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Ecological and climate conditions of tea area in Hanzhong basin were compared with that of eastern plateaus of the same longitude. The advantage and disadvantage of climate were anaylszed. It's suggested that ecological tea garden should be built instead of pure tree or pure tea area according to local micro-climate, agamogenesis techniques and no pollution management should be extended in order to improve the tea qulity.

Influence of Chestnut-Tea Tree Intercropping to Growth of Tea Trees and Tea Quality in Northern China

WANG Heng-ming,WU Ling-zhi,ZHOU Mao-shan (Linshu Weather Bureau,Linshu,Shandong 276701,China)

2005, 26(02):  139-141. 

Asbtract ( 8048 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The experiment result showed that the illumination intensity on tea plants was be weakened by chestnut-tea tree intercropping in the north of China. The air temperature and soil temperature in the space of trees effectively reduced and the air humidity stably increased, so that the tea quality and yield had been improved. So it is suitable to spread this technology in the north of China.

A Study of Evaluation Method about the Potential Economic Benefit of Agrometeorological Service

ZHANG Yun-hui~1,WANG Yong~1,CHE Gang~2,WANG Rong-mei~2 (1.Kashi Meteorological Bureau, Kashi 844000, China;2.Hami Meteorological Bureau)

2005, 26(02):  142-145. 

Asbtract ( 6855 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

By using dissociation method and probability statistic method, the evaluation method in theories about the potential economic benefit were disscused in this paper. It was highly important to improve the social benefit of meteorological service and increase the economical benefit of meteorological department.