Table of Content

10 April 2003, Volume 24 Issue 02

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Analysis of the cause of Meteorological Formation of the Bumper Harvest of Lychee in 2002

Chen Guo bao (Weather Bureau of Yulin City, YuLin 537000,China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Through the diagnosis and analysis of the agrometeorological condition during lychee growth cycle in Yulin from the year 2001 to 2002, we've come to the conclusion that the main cause of a bumper year in 2002 owes to the following facts :at the budding stage of treetops in autumn, there was normal rainfall and the treetops budded in time and vigorously; under both the effects of cold and drought, the flower buds were comparatively full grown; warm climate, moderate rainfall and fewer rain days in spring was a great benefit to flower bud bearing, blossoming and pollination of lychee; the meteorological condition at young fruit stage and at fruit expanding stage was quite normal, too. Even compared with 1999, the year with the highest yield in history, the year 2002 still presented some superiority at several key development stages and became the best climatic year in these years.

Assessment and Division of Agro-climatic Resources Under the GIS in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Hubei

LIU Min, XIANG Hua, YANG Hui, WU Yi cheng, XIE Ping (Central meteorological Service of Wuhan, Wuhan 430074 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Based on the data of meteorological stations in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Hubei and the data of climatic survey in the east sub tropic mountains, the small grid reckon models of light, heat and water resources were established. The main agro climatic resource values of 100m×100m grid nod in this region were calculated by introducing longitude latitude and DEM digital chart layer in City Star. According to the indices of agro climatic resources the regions for rational utilization of agro climatic resources were divided. The results provided a agro climatic basis for the sustainable development of agriculture in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Hubei.

Effect of Enhanced UV-B radiation on Development and Yield of Maize

ZHANG Rong gang, HE Yu hong, ZHENG You fei (Department of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing 210044 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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A field study was conducted to evaluate effects of enhanced UV-B radiation (ultraviolet radiation, broad band, 280-400nm) on development and yield of maize under field and natural sunlight conditions. It was concluded that the leaf area, the age of leaf, the leaf number, the height of stem, the content of chlorophyll in leaves and the yield will decrease, and the content of flavonoid in leaves of maize will increase, as the UV-B radiation enhances.

Analysis and Division of Ecological and Climatic Conditions for Maize Planting in the Hexi Corridor

XUE Sheng liang, LIU Ming chun (Meteorological Bureau of Wuwei City, Wuwei 733000 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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The ecological and climatic conditions for maize planting in the Hexi Corridor were analyzed by integral regress analysis. It showed that the main meteorological factors influenced the yield of maize were the average temperature during silk advancing and spinning period, and the ≥10℃ accumulated temperature during grain filling period. The suitable temperature for the growth of maize during silk advancing and spinning period was between 21℃ and 23℃, and the minimum biological temperature was 18℃. The grain number per ear increased rapidly by 22℃. When the temperature was between 18℃ and 20℃ during grain filling period, the one hundred grain weight reached at a high level by 24.6-29.1g. The one hundred grain weight will increase or decline by 1.65g, if the ≥10℃ accumulated temperature increases or declines by 100℃ per day within the suitable temperature range. The five zones for maize planting were divided with fuzzy clustering method according to the three mentioned above factors.

Effects of Meteorological Conditions on River Crab Raising and Strategies for Trending Advantages and Avoiding Disadvantages

ZHANG Yong qiang 1, LU Di 1, LUO Hong 2, WANG Guo hua 2 (1. Meteorological Bureau of Huaian,Huaian, 223001,China; 2. Meteorological Bureau of Sihong)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Field studies were conducted around Hongze Lakes to observe the differences on the development of river crab between natural and adjusted meteorological conditions for river crab raising. The effects of meteorological conditions on the present raising models of river crab were analyzed. Under reasonable adjusted meteorological conditions, in infant stage the survival rate of river crabs increased by 50-60%; Total raising period shortened by 15-20 days, and the costs declined by over 30%; During growth period, the death rate and the incidence of diseases dropped obviously by reasonable adjusted meteorological conditions. Based on the analysis of influences of disadvantage weather and meteorological disaster on the river crab raising, the main meteorological services and strategies for trending advantages and avoiding disadvantages were proposed.

Development of Crop Yield Forecasting System

FAN Jin long, MENG Qing yan, WU Bing fang, ZHOU Xin tie (Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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With the object oriented software development method, a crop yield forecast system run under the Microsoft windows operation system was successfully developed, by using VB and MO as development tools on the basis of the principle that crop yield equals trend yield plus meteorological yield. This system integrated the database technique with COM GIS technique and realized close connection among modules.

Research on Strategic Adjustment of Cropping Structure in Gansu After China's Entry into the WTO

HAN Yong xian 1, WAN Xin 1, DENG Zheng yong 2, ZHANG Jie 1 (1. Institute of Arid Meteorology of Lanzhou,Lanzhou 730020 China; 2. Meteorological Bureau of Gansu)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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The economic efficiency maximization becomes a key element for structural adjustment of cropping after China's entry into the WTO. The adjustment directions for cropping structure in Gansu province were put forward by analyzing the climatic conditions, the development of agricultural technology and economic efficiency, The cropland should be abandoned and returned to grassland on a large scale to promote the development of animal husbandry in the Central Gansu; The production of cereal and cash crops with high quality and efficiency should be enhanced in the East and South Gansu; The construction of basis for the commercial foods and fruits with high quality should be pushed on in the Hexi Areas.

Influence of Climate Conditions on Potato Yield

SONG Xue feng, HOU Qiong (Meteorological Institute of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot 010051 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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The objective of this study was to determine the influence of climate conditions on potato yield, based on the data of potato yields and climate during 1979 and 2000 in three banners in the Yinshan Mountains, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the potato yield was mainly determined by the precipitation. The temperature and wind velocity played a secondary role on the yield formation of potato. The key periods, which influenced the yield of potato greatly, were the periods of tuber formation and starch accumulation. An integrated model of regression for potato yield and its influenced climatic factors was established.

Variation and Trend Prediction of Winter Negative Accumulated Temperature in Shaanbei and Weibei regions

CHEN Jian wen, LIU Yao wu, XU Xiao hong, FU Yu, LI Mei rong (Meteorological Service Station for Cash Crops of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710014 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Based on average daily air temperature of meteorological observation stations in Shaanbei and Weibei regions from 1960 to 1990, the negative accumulated temperatures for all stations were statistically calculated, and their spatial variations were analyzed with small grid method. The five stations in Yulin, Suide, Yan'an, Luochuan and Tongchuan respectively were selected as representatives for this region. The temporal variation and trend of negative accumulated temperature were analyzed by using three years moving average for 40 years. A 4-year and a 9-year variation period of the negative accumulated temperature were found. The cooling and warming index in winter was determined. The situations of cooling and warming in winter were predicted with linear repression and super posing variance analysis according to variation and trend of negative accumulated temperature.

Climatic Risk Analysis and Division of Apricot Frost during Flowering Period in the North of Shaanxi Province

ZHU Lin 1, WANG Wan rui 2, REN Zong qi 3, WANG Jian ping 2, GUO Zhao xia 1 (1. Institute of Meteorological Science of Shaanxi Province, Xi'An 710015 China; 2. Meteorological Bureau of Shaanxi Province; 3. Meteorological Bureau of Yan'an City)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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The frost frequency of apricot in different degree during flowering period and possible frost induced loss were estimated in the North of Shaanxi province, according to temperature index of apricot frost. The frost climatic risk division of apricot for this region was made, by using loss rate of frost. The results referred risk index of the frost disaster to the apricot planting of this region.

Digital Agrometeorology

GAO Liang zhi (Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014,China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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While electronic information technology making progress rapidly, development of Digital Agriculture will show brilliant prospects in 21 centery's agricultute. In the age of information, digital technology should be applicated more often in agrometeorology. The digital methods will be utilized in all fields of agrometeorology, such as crop meteorology, agroclimatology, agrometeorological forcasting, micromeoteorology, animal meteorology, horticulture meteorology etc. Agrometeorology will raise from its tranditional level to modernized and digital level. Digital Agrometeorology certainly will make great contributions in developments of digital agriculture and agricultural modernization in China

Water Stress and Its Regulation of Red Fuji Apple in Feng and Pei Area in Jiangsu Province

XU Chang bao, QIAO Yu shan, ZHANG Zhen (Institute of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Feng and Pei area, located in the northwest of Jiangsu Province, is an important production base of Red Fuji apple in China. The water stress for the growth of apple was analyzed. The results showed that the yearly total precipitation was sufficient for the growth of apple. The droughts occurred in spring and winter, and flood in summer mostly. Therefore, the irrigation in spring and winter was necessary. The drainage in summer was an important practice for regulating the water supply. Some water saving irrigation methods were also suggested by analyzing of the water stress in this area.

Determination of Indices for the First Soaking Rain in Spring in North of China

ZHANG Qiang, WANG You min YAO Pei zhen (National Climate Center, Beijing 100081 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Based on the data of temperature and precipitation from 1951 to 1995 in North of China, indices for the first soaking rain in spring and its distribution, mainly depended on precipitation and temperature, were determined in Northeastern China, Northern China and the eastern parts of Northwestern China. The characteristics and probabilities of the first soaking rain in spring at each region were discussed and analyzed. It showed that the results would provide good instructions for monitoring and predicting to occurring of the spring drought.

Changes of Microclimate in Man-made Oasis in Ulanbuh Desert

XIAO Cai hong 1, HAO Yu guang 1, GUO Heng de 2 (1. Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, Dengkou 015200 China; 2. Extension Center of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies of Dengkou County)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Based on the data from 1988 to 1999 in two meteorological stations, located in man made oasis and in natural desert in Ulanbuh desert respectively, the microclimatic changes in man-made oasis were analyzed. The man-made oasis had a great role in inhibiting damage climate. After twelve years construction the microclimatic changes of man made oasis were as follows: the average yearly precipitation increased 28.9mm; The average strong wind days and the xerothermic wind days reduced by 65.6% and 69.4% respectively; The average yearly temperature, the average yearly evaporation and the average maximum wind velocity declined by 0.4℃, 28.3% and 6.2m/s respectively; The efficiency of windbreak was 47%.

Percentage of Ear Bearing Tiller of Winter Wheat and Its Relationship to Climate Factors in Tibet

DU Jun 1, MA Yu cai 2 (1. Meteorological Bureau of Lhasa, Lhasa 850001, China; 2. Climate Center of Tibet)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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Based on the analysis of effects of climatic factors on percentage of ear bearing tiller of winter wheat in Lhasa region, Tibet Autonomous Region, the models for the percentage of ear bearing tiller of winter wheat and climate were established. The higher mean temperature during three-leaf to tillering stage is beneficial to a increased percentage of ear bearing tiller; The dry air condition leads to a decreased percentage of ear bearing tiller during tilling to jointing stage; A relative humidity of 49%, less diurnal range, and overcast and rain induced lower intensity of radiation are associated with increased percentage of ear bearing tiller during booting to heading period.

Micro-climatic Effect of Raised-bed Planting of Wheat and Its Influence on Plant Development and Yield

WANG Xu qing, WANG Fa hong, REN De chang, CAO Hong xin, DONG Yu hong (Crop Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Shandong, Jinan, 250100 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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The raised bed planting system is a new way of wheat cultivation, developed on the base of overcoming the adverse factors by conventional planting. Wheat is sown on the top of the bed. The micro climatic conditions of wheat are better coordinated and the adverse influence on wheat growth is minimized. The air humidity in the wheat field with raised bed planting is reduced by 10% compared with conventional planting; The transmittance will be risen by 5～15%; The utilization ratio of solar energy rises by 10～13.8%; The degree of lodging, and the incidence of disease of powdery mildew and banded sclerotial blight of wheat could be reduced significantly. The yield of wheat in raised bed planting system could increase by 10～13.4% compared with conventional planting.

Influence of Climate Factors on Yield and Protein Content of Spring Wheat During Grain Filling Period Ⅱ.Water Effect

SUN Yan kun, WANG Li juan, SHEN Neng zhan (Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China)

2003, 24(02):  . 

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The objective of this study was to determine influence of water supply on yield and protein content of spring wheat during grain filling period. Three cultivars of spring wheat, Roblin (low yield, high protein content and early maturing), NE7742 (high yield, high protein content and early maturing) and Xinkehan 9 (high yield, low protein content and medium late maturing), were grown in pots treated with five different water supply during grain filling period. It showed that the yield of NE7742 and Xinkehan 9 increased, as the water supply increased. The yields for both cultivars increased rapidly, when the water supply in a low level, and gently, when the water supply in a high level. The yield of Roblin reached the maximum in 80mm irrigation, and then declined as the water supply increased further. The protein content of NE7742 and Xinkehan 9 decreased, as water supply increased. There was no significant change in protein content of Roblin, as the water supply changed.