贵州山区红心猕猴桃种植气候区划

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2016.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于贵州西部红心猕猴桃种植区2005-2014年逐日气温、降水资料，依据贵州85个气象观测站1981-2010年逐旬、逐月、逐年平均气温、降水量、日照时数和极端最高、最低气温以及观测站和1462个乡镇的地理信息数据，应用经验正交函数分解法和模糊聚类法，通过分析贵州省西部红心猕猴桃各生育期的气候条件，得到红心猕猴桃种植的气候适宜性区划指标，采用GIS技术对红心猕猴桃种植进行气候适宜性区划。结果表明：年平均气温、历年极端最低气温（80%保证率）、1月平均气温、3月平均气温、7月平均气温、8月昼夜温差、年降水量、年日照时数可作为红心猕猴桃种植的气候适宜性区划指标，每个指标分4级，对应最适宜、适宜、次适宜和不适宜，红心猕猴桃种植最适宜区在贵州西部地区，适宜种植区在贵州中部偏西地区，次适宜种植区在贵州中部，不适宜种植区主要分布在遵义市、铜仁市、东南部局部和西部边缘。调查表明，贵州山区红心猕猴桃实际种植情况与气候适宜性区划结果基本吻合。

关键词: 光、热、水指标, 贡献值, 地理信息系统, 红心猕猴桃

Abstract:

Based on the climate data of Red Cartridge Kiwifruit planted zone from 2005 to 2014 and 85 meteorological stations from 1981 to 2010, which included average temperature in different periods, precipitation, sunshine hours, extreme maximum and minimum temperature, as well as GIS data from 1462 towns in Guizhou province, the climate conditions were analyzed and the division indices of climate suitability were obtained by using experience orthogonal function method and fuzzy clustering method, then the climate suitability division of the Red Cartridge Kiwifruit was built using GIS technology. The results showed that the annual mean temperature, extreme minimum temperature over the years (80% guarantee rate), the average temperature in January and July, temperature difference in August, annual precipitation, and annual sunshine hours could be used as climate suitability division indices for Red Cartridge Kiwifruit planting. Each index had 4 grades, corresponding to the most suitable, suitable, appropriate and inappropriate. The most suitable area was in the western region of Guizhou province, suitable region was in central west region, less suitable region was in central region, and not suitable region was mainly in Zunyi City, Tongren City, parts of southeast and western edges of Guizhou province. Investigation showed that actual cultivation of Red Cartridge Kiwifruit in Guizhou mountainous areas was in accordance with climatic suitability division.

Key words: Sunshine-Precipitation-Temperature index, Cartridge, GIS, Red Cartridge Kiwifruit

莫建国，池再香，汤苾，王晓东，李贵琼. 贵州山区红心猕猴桃种植气候区划[J]. 中国农业气象, 2016, 37(01): 36-42.

MO Jian-guo, CHI Zai-xiang, TANG Bi, WANG Xiao-dong, LI Gui-qiong. Climate Suitability for Red Cartridge Kiwifruit Planting in Guizhou Mountainous Area[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(01): 36-42.

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