CO2浓度增高对水稻籽粒淀粉代谢相关酶活性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以高产优质粳稻松粳9号和稻花香2号为材料，利用开放式空气CO₂浓度富集系统（FACE）实验平台，研究CO₂浓度增高对水稻籽粒淀粉代谢相关酶活性的影响。试验设正常大气CO₂浓度（400±40μmol·mol-1）和高CO₂浓度（600±60μmol·mol-1），测定开花后两个水稻品种籽粒中ADPG焦磷酸化酶、淀粉合成酶和淀粉分支酶活性的变化。结果表明，CO₂浓度增高对不同灌浆进程中酶活性的影响程度有显著差异，对乳熟期之后ADPG焦磷酸化酶、可溶性和颗粒型淀粉合成酶活性的表达均有较明显的促进作用，仅阻碍了乳熟期籽粒中淀粉分支酶活性的表达；淀粉代谢相关酶活性对CO₂浓度增高的响应因品种而异，松粳9号籽粒中ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性受CO₂浓度增高的影响较大，而稻花香2号淀粉合成酶活性受其影响更大。说明随着灌浆进程的推进，CO₂浓度增高对淀粉生物合成途径中关键酶活性表达的影响程度存在明显的时段特征，且不同品种的响应程度有显著差异，总体来看，CO2浓度增高可在一定程度上促进淀粉代谢相关酶活性的表达。

关键词: CO₂浓度, FACE系统, 水稻, ADPG焦磷酸化酶, 淀粉合成酶, 淀粉分支酶

Abstract:

Free-air CO₂ Enrichment (FACE) experimental system was conducted to find out the change trend of relevant enzymes activity about grain starch synthesis in atmospheric CO₂ concentration, using high yield and good quality japonica varieties Songjing 9 and Daohuaxiang 2. It was treated with two atmospheric CO₂concentrations: elevated carbon dioxide(600±60μmol·mol^-1) and ambient carbon dioxide(400±40μmol·mol^-1). The ADPG pyrophosphorylase enzyme activity, starch synthase enzyme activity and starch branching enzyme activity in grains of two rice varieties were measured after flowering. The results showed that the effect of elevated CO₂ on the enzyme activity during different grain-filling processes was significantly different, which obviously promoted the expression of ADPG pyrophosphorylase enzyme, soluble and granular starch synthase enzyme activity after the milky stage, but only hindered the expression of starch branching enzyme activity in the grain endosperm at milky stage. Meanwhile, response of starch metabolizing enzyme to elevated CO₂ had the genotypic difference with different rice varieties. For the activity of ADPG pyrophosphorylase enzyme, Songjing9 was more affected by elevated CO₂, while Daohuaxiang2 was more affected by elevated CO₂ for the activity of starch synthase enzyme. The conclusion showed that there was an obvious time characteristics about the influence degree of elevated CO₂ to expression of the key enzyme activity during the starch biosynthetic pathway, with the advancement of grouting process. Response degree of different varieties rice on elevated CO₂ existed significant differences. Overall, atmospheric CO₂ concentration could promote the synthesis of starch in a certain extent.

Key words: Elevated CO₂, Free-air carbon dioxide enrichment(FACE), Rice, ADPG pyrophosphorylase enzyme, Starch synthase enzyme, Starch branching enzyme

王惠贞，武荣盛，蔺汝罡，韩雪. CO₂浓度增高对水稻籽粒淀粉代谢相关酶活性的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2019, 40(04): 230-239.

WANG Hui-zhen, WU Rong-sheng, LIN Ru-gang, HAN Xue. Effect of Elevated CO2 to Starch Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Grains of Rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(04): 230-239.

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CO₂浓度增高对水稻籽粒淀粉代谢相关酶活性的影响

Effect of Elevated CO2 to Starch Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Grains of Rice

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