中国农业气象 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (09): 834-844.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2023.09.007

• 农业气象灾害 栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏青稞生育期干旱强度变化特征分析

史继清,豆永丽*,张歆平,奚凤,罗珍,甘臣龙   

  1. 1. 西藏自治区气候中心,拉萨 850000;2. 日喀则国家气候观象台,日喀则 857000;3. 西藏自治区气象信息网络中心,拉萨 850000;4. 西藏自治区气象灾害防御技术中心,拉萨 850000;5. 西藏自治区气象台,拉萨 850000;6. 墨竹工卡县气象局,拉萨 850200
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-25 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 豆永丽,硕士,副研级高工,主要从事气象信息技术、数据处理和质控研究。 E-mail: 137850175@qq.com
  • 作者简介:史继清,E-mail: 549923050@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    西藏自治区自然科学基金(XZ202001ZR0033G);西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202001ZY0020N);西藏自治区科技重点研发计划(XZ202001ZY0023N)

Analysis on Change Characteristics of Drought Intensity during the Growth Period of Highland Barley in Tibet

SHI Ji-qing, DOU Yong-li, ZHANG Xin-ping, XI Feng, LUO Zhen, GAN Chen-long   

  1. 1. Tibet Climate Center, Lhasa 850000, China; 2. Shigatse National Climate Oberservatory, Shigatse 857000; 3. Information and Internet Center of Tibet Meteorological Bureau, Lhasa 850000; 4. Tibet Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center, Lhasa 850000; 5. Meteorological Observatory of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000; 6. Maizhokunggar County Meteological Bureau, Lhasa 850200
  • Received:2022-10-25 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-12

摘要: 基于1981−2020年西藏青稞主要种植区25个气象站逐日气象资料,计算逐日气象干旱综合指数(MCI),采用Mann-Kendall 突变检验、Morlet小波分析和R/S分析法分析近40a该区青稞各生育期干旱强度的时空分布及趋势变化,以期为西藏农业生产安全和防灾减灾提供科学依据。结果表明: (1)西藏青稞不同生育期干旱特征具有差异性,播种−分蘖期干旱强度增强趋势不明显,全生育期干旱强度减弱趋势较分蘖−抽穗期和抽穗−成熟期明显。(2)播种−分蘖期干旱强度在21世纪00年代达到最低,分蘖−抽穗期、抽穗−成熟期和全生育期在20世纪80年代达到最高;分蘖−抽穗期、抽穗−成熟期和全生育期干旱强度分别在1989年、2001年和1989年出现显著的减弱突变。(3)播种−分蘖期的干旱强度整体偏弱,分蘖−抽穗期地区间差异较小,抽穗−成熟期则空间差异较大;全生育期干旱强度整体呈现由研究区中部和南部边缘地区向东西加重的分布特征。(4)播种−分蘖期、抽穗−成熟期和全生育期未来干旱强度分别在15a、33a、33a尺度上有持续偏旱的趋势,分蘖−抽穗期在13a尺度上有持续偏湿的趋势。

关键词: 西藏, 干旱强度, 趋势分析, MCI指数, 青稞

Abstract: Based on the daily meteorological data of 25 meteorological stations in the main highland barley planting areas in Tibet from 1981 to 2020, the daily meteorological drought comprehensive index (MCI) was calculated. The Mann-Kendall mutation test, Morlet wavelet analysis and R/S analysis were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution and trend change of drought intensity in each growth period of the region in the past 40 years, in order to provide a scientific basis for agricultural production safety and local disaster prevention and mitigation in Tibet. The results showed that: (1)the drought characteristics of Tibetan highland barley at different growth stages were different, and the drought intensity at the sow-tillering stage was not significantly increased, while the drought intensity at the whole growth stage was significantly decreased compared with that at the tiller-heading stage and the heading-maturity stage.(2)The drought intensity at the sow-tillering stage reached the lowest level in the 2000s, and the tiller-heading stage, head-maturity stage and the whole growth reached the highest level in the 1980s. The drought intensity of tiller-heading stage, head-maturity stage and the whole growth stage showed significant weakening mutations in 1989, 2001 and 1989, respectively. (3)The drought intensity at the sow-tillering stage was weakened as a whole, and the regional difference between tiller-heading stage was small, while the spatial difference between head-maturity stage was large. The drought intensity in the whole growth period showed a distribution feature of increasing from the central and southern marginal areas of the study area to the east and west. (4) The future drought intensity in the sow-tillering stage, the head-maturity stage and the whole growth stage has a trend of continuous drought on the scale of 15 years, 33 years and 33 years respectively, and the tiller-heading stage has a trend of continuous wet on the scale of 13 years.

Key words: Tibet, Drought intensity, Trend analysis, MCI index, Barley