关键词: 食用菌, 榆黄蘑, LED, 光谱特性, 色泽

Abstract:

Edible fungi has certain photo−sensitivity during the mushroom emergence stage, but the optimal light environment parameters for the formation of the morphology and color of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer are not clear. Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer were planted in in an environmentally controllable growth chambers with different light qualities that were respectively pure white light (CK), pure green light (G), pure red light (R), pure blue light (B), and far red light (Fr). The optimal light formula suitable for the growth and development of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer was investigated by analyzing the physical and spectral characteristics of mushroom exposed to different light treatments. The results showed that the number of mushroom buds in Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer exposed to R and Fr treatments increased by 0.87% and 1.73% respectively, compared to the control. However, R and Fr treatments caused deformation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer fruiting bodies, showed as soft stipe, thin pileus, and lighter colors in the later stage of growth. B treatment decreased the number of mushroom buds and stipe length of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer, but significantly promoted the increase in stipe diameter, pileus diameter, and fruiting body weight of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer, with a increase of 35.52%, 18.30%, and 23.66% respectively (P<0.05), compared to the control. The spectral parameters color saturation (C value) and hue angle (Hue value) of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer exposed to B treatment increased by 2.72% and 1.64% respectively, compared to the control, while the color index (CCI value) and color ratio (a^*/b^* value) decreased by 44.62% and 80.00% respectively. Meanwhile, smaller chromatism (∆E value) and deepened simulated color were detected in Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer treated with B in relative to the control. In addition, the reflectance in the 400-700 nm wavelength range of the Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer pileus exposed to B treatment was lower than that of the control, indicating that the pileus of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer under B treatment absorbed more blue light. Therefore, based on the comprehensive characteristics and spectral characteristics of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer, blue light was more suitable for industrial cultivation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer, which provided a reference for the regulation of light environment in the industrial production of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer in future.

Key words: Edible mushrooms, Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer, LED, Spectral characteristics, Color