关键词: 秋收作物, 气象条件评价, 气候适宜度, 干旱, 秋收连阴雨

Abstract: According to the observed meteorological data in 2025 and the historical data from 2467 meteorological stations and 653 argometeorological stations in China, the agrometeorological evaluation index, the climate suitability models and agrometeorological disaster index model were used to evaluate the agrometeorological effects on yield of major autumn harvest crops, such as corn, single rice, later rice, soybean and cotton. The results showed that the water conditions and thermal conditions were sufficient for the growth and development of crops during the growing season. The effects of chilling during the main growing season was mild. The effects of periodic agricultural drought and high temperature heat damage were limited. However, the continuous rains in autumn were particularly extreme, adversely affecting the autumn harvest and the quality of autumn grain in northern China. In northeast China, there was continuous low temperature and waterlogging from May to early June severely affected the growing process of crops. Spring sowing and summer planting were affected by periodic agricultural drought and heat injury in northwest China, north China and the Huanghuai region. In Yangtze basin during summer, high temperatures persisted for a long time and heat damage to individual plants limits yields.

Key words: Autumn harvest crops, Meteorological evaluation, Climatic suitability, Agricultural drought, Continuous rainy in autumn