中国农业气象 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 1578-1588.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2026.10.004

• 农业生态环境栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同秸秆管理模式下稻田土壤有机碳及其组分的差异

海刘名,王从,孙会峰,张继宁,张鲜鲜,蒋铮,周胜   

  1. 1. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海 201306;2. 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海 201403;3. 上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心,上海 201415;4. 农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室,上海 201403
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-30 出版日期:2026-10-20 发布日期:2026-10-19
  • 作者简介:海刘名,E-mail:19033852393@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市自然科学基金项目(24ZR1462100);上海市农业科技创新项目(K2023017);国家自然科学基金项目(32501431);上海市农业科学院卓越团队项目(沪农科卓[2025]027)

Differences in Soil Organic Carbon and Its Fractions in Paddy Fields under Different Straw Management Practices

HAI Liu-ming, WANG Cong, SUN Hui-feng, ZHANG Ji-ning, ZHANG Xian-xian, JIANG Zheng, ZHOU Sheng   

  1. 1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Eco−Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403; 3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Low−carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai 201415; 4. Key Laboratory of Low−carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201403
  • Received:2025-06-30 Online:2026-10-20 Published:2026-10-19

摘要:

秸秆资源化利用是提升土壤固碳能力和调控土壤养分循环的关键途径。本研究依托上海市农业科学院2012年建立的低碳农业长期实验基地,基于2024年秸秆离田(CK)、秸秆直接还田(SR)和秸秆炭化还田(BC)3种秸秆管理模式下的土壤有机碳组分差异,解析不同秸秆管理模式对土壤矿物结合态有机碳(MAOC)和颗粒态有机碳(POC)含量的影响,为农田固碳增效和秸秆资源化利用提供参考。结果表明:(1)与CK处理相比,SR和BC处理使土壤有机碳(SOC)含量分别显著提升25.3%(P<0.05)和41.4%(P<0.05),表明两种秸秆还田模式均可显著固碳;(2)在碳组分方面,与CK处理相比,SR和BC处理均可有效增加POC含量,增幅分别为49.1%(P<0.05)和111.5%(P<0.05)。此外,与CK处理相比,两种秸秆还田模式均能显著促进MAOC的形成,增幅分别为19.7%(P<0.05)和25.3%(P<0.05)。但SR与BC处理差异不显著,这可能与微生物活性及其内稳态特征之间权衡有关。综上,秸秆炭化还田可提高土壤POC含量,实现快速固碳,促进MAOC形成,增强碳汇能力,可为兼具时效性和持续性的秸秆资源化利用优化管理方案提供参考。

关键词: 秸秆管理, 生物炭, 土壤碳组分, 稻田, 微生物内稳态

Abstract:

Straw resource utilization is a key approach for enhancing soil carbon sequestration and regulating nutrient cycling. This study was conducted within a long−term experimental platform for low−carbon agriculture, established by the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2012. Three straw management practices, including straw removal (CK), direct straw return (SR) and straw biochar return (BC) were compared to assess effects on SOC dynamics in 2024, with particular emphasis on the mineral−associated organic carbon (MAOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) fractions. The objective was to elucidate the mechanisms through which these practices influence SOC stabilization, providing a scientific basis for enhancing soil carbon sequestration and promoting straw resource utilization. The results showed that: (1) compared with CK treatment, both SR and BC treatments significantly increased SOC content by 25.3% (P<0.05) and 41.4% (P<0.05), respectively, indicating substantial carbon sequestration effects under both straw return practices. (2) Regarding carbon fractions, both SR and BC treatments effectively increased POC content, with increases of 49.1% (P<0.05) and 111.5% (P<0.05) compared to the CK treatment, respectively. Moreover, both straw return practices significantly promoted the formation of MAOC, with increases of 19.7% (P<0.05) and 25.3% (P<0.05) relative to the CK treatment. However, no significant difference was observed between SR and BC treatments in terms of MAOC increase, which may be attributed to competing processes involving microbial activity and homeostasis. In conclusion, straw biochar return not only facilitate rapid carbon sequestration by increasing the POC content, but also enhance long−term carbon sink capacity by promoting MAOC formation. These findings proposed a path toward more sustainable and efficient straw resource management in agricultural systems.

Key words: Straw management, Biochar, Soil carbon fractions, Paddy field, Microbial homeostasis