超级早稻结实期遭遇高温时喷施抗逆剂的缓解效果

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.09.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以“安抗1号”和“有机钙博士”两种抗逆剂为材料，以喷清水为对照，在自然高温下进行水稻田间试验，测定剑叶生理指标、水稻产量和稻米品质指标，研究超级早稻灌浆结实期遭遇高温喷施抗逆剂的缓解效果。结果表明：高温发生时，喷施“安抗1号”（T2）和“有机钙博士”（T3）4d后，与喷清水（T1）相比，超级早稻剑叶抗氧化酶活性极显著（P＜0.01）增加，其中SOD活性分别增加17.10%、12.37%，POD活性分别增加13.54%、15.01%，CAT活性分别增加133.86%、87.46%；叶片渗透调节物含量极显著（P＜0.01）增加，其中可溶性蛋白含量分别增加33.58%、34.38%，可溶性糖含量分别增加23.74%，17.30%；MDA含量极显著（P＜0.01）降低28.34%、26.53%。喷施抗逆剂22d后，超级早稻剑叶SPAD衰减率T2、T3处理显著低于T1（P＜0.05），分别降低3.40个百分点和4.24个百分点；T2、T3处理比T1剑叶SOD活性显著（P＜0.05）增加；POD活性差异不显著；CAT活性和可溶性糖含量均极显著（P＜0.01）增加；可溶性蛋白含量显著（P＜0.05）增加；MDA含量极显著（P＜0.01）降低。喷施抗逆剂处理显著（P＜0.05）提高结实率5.7个百分点，增产11.87%～13.77%。说明高温发生时，喷施抗逆剂能有效缓解高温对超级早稻灌浆结实的危害，改善超级早稻稻米的外观品质及加工品质。

关键词: 超级早稻, 灌浆结实期, 高温, 抗逆剂, 缓解效果

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted on natural high temperature with "Ankang 1" and " Youjigaiboshi " as materials and spraying clean water as CK. Physiological indices of flag leaves, rice yield and rice quality were determined to study the mitigation effect of high temperature spraying anti-stress reagents on super early rice during grain-filling period. The results showed that at high temperature, the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly (P＜0.01) of super early rice after spraying "Ankang 1" (T2 treatment) and " Youjigaiboshi " (T3 treatment) for 4 days compared with spraying clear water (T1 treatment). The activities of SOD, POD and CAT increased by 17.10% and12.37%, 13.54% and 15.01%, 133.86% and 87.46%, respectively. The content of osmotic regulators in leaves increased significantly(P＜0.01). The content of soluble protein increased by 33.58%, 34.38%, and the content of soluble sugar increased by 23.74% and 17.30%, respectively. MDA content was significantly decreased(P＜0.01) by 28.34% and 26.53%. The attenuation rates of SPAD in flag leaves of super early rice treated with anti-stress reagents T2 and T3 for 22 days were significantly lower than those treated with T1(P＜0.05). They were reduced by 3.40 and 4.24 percentage points respectively. The SOD activity of flag leaves treated with T2 and T3 was significantly higher than that treated with T1(P＜0.05); POD activity was not significantly different; CAT activity was significantly increased(P＜0.01); soluble protein content was significantly increased(P＜0.05); soluble sugar content was significantly increased(P＜0.01); MDA content was significantly decreased(P＜0.01). The treatment of spraying anti-stress reagents significantly increased the seed setting rate by 5.7 percentage points and the yield by 11.87%-13.77%. Improve the appearance quality and processing quality of super early rice. The results showed that spraying anti-stress reagents could effectively alleviate the damage of high temperature to grain filling and Fruiting of super early rice.

Key words: Super early rice, Grain-filling period, High temperature, Anti-stress reagents, Alleviating effect

郭立君，程凯凯，肖小平，李超，汪柯，汤文光，唐海明，潘孝晨，杨茜. 超级早稻结实期遭遇高温时喷施抗逆剂的缓解效果[J]. 中国农业气象, 2019, 40(09): 583-590.

GUO Li-jun, CHENG Kai-kai, XIAO Xiao-ping, LI Chao, WANG Ke, TANG Wen-guang, . Alleviating Effect of Anti-stress Reagents Spraying on Super Early Rice on High Temperature during Grain-filling Period[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(09): 583-590.

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