中国农业气象 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 1662-1675.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2025.11.012

• 农业气象概念方法栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

农业气候经济效益估算与区划——以河北省冬小麦为例

尹星洁,马若婧,任嘉宁,赵心悦,安萍莉,廖要明,潘志华   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京 100193;2. 国家气候中心,北京 100081;3. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193;4. 中国气象局·中国农业大学农业应对气候变化联合实验室,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-26 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-18
  • 作者简介:尹星洁,E-mail:ystar.jony@cau.deu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划地球系统与全球变化专项项目(2023YFF0805703);中国气象局气候变化专题项目(QBZ202401)

Estimation and Zoning of Agricultural Climate Economic Benefit: An Example of Winter Wheat in Hebei Province

YIN Xing-jie, MA Ruo-jing, REN Jia-ning, ZHAO Xin-yue, AN Ping-li, LIAO Yao-ming, PAN Zhi-hua   

  1. 1.College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2. National Climate Center, Beijing 100081; 3. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193; 4. China Meteorological Administration·China Agricultural University Jointly Laboratory of Agriculture Addressing Climate Change, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2025-02-26 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-18

摘要:

随着气候变化,农业气候资源相应发生了重要变化20世纪80年代初农业气候区划成果已难以满足当前的农业生产需求,亟需开展新一轮农业气候资源区划工作,以指导农业生产更好地适应气候变化。本文基于气候资源论,界定农业气候经济效益内涵,探讨农业气候经济效益估算方法与农业气候经济效益区划技术流程,并开展案例研究。结果表明:农业气候经济效益是利用农业气候资源从事农业生产活动所获得的收益(产出)与成本(投入)的差值;成本效益分析是估算农业气候经济效益的主要方法;农业气候经济效益区划是根据不同区域的自然条件、经济发展水平及社会环境等因素,按投入、产出及其经济效益进行的区域划分,主要包括区划范围的确定、区划依据单产的计算、投入成本的计算、经济效益计算及区划等步骤。基于构建的农业气候经济效益估算及区划方法,河北省冬小麦气候经济效益可划分为低产低效、低产中效、低产高效、高产中效和高产高效五类区域,高效区主要分布在太行山外平原区以及黑龙港流域南部,而中、低效区主要分布在太行山内山地区、黑龙港流域北部以及燕山山麓地区。

关键词: 农业气候区划, 冬小麦, 经济效益, 产量?效益耦合

Abstract:

As a result of climate change, agricultural climate resources have undergone a significant transformation, rendering the agricultural climate zoning outcomes from the early 1980s inadequate for current agricultural production needs. A new round of agricultural climate resource zoning is urgently needed to better guide agricultural production in adapting to climate change. Based on the theory of climate resources, this paper defined the connotation of agricultural climate economic benefits, explored methods for estimating these benefits and the technical workflows for agricultural climate economic benefit zoning, and presented a case study. The results indicated that agricultural climate economic benefits represented the difference between the gains (output) and costs (inputs) derived from utilizing agricultural climate resources in agricultural production activities. Cost−benefit analysis was used as the primary method for estimating the economic benefits of agricultural climate resources. Agricultural climate economic benefit zoning involved a regional classification of inputs, outputs and economic benefits based on factors such as natural conditions, economic development levels and social environment across different areas. The process mainly included determining the zoning scope, calculating zoning−based yield per unit area, estimating input costs, computing economic benefits and finalizing the zoning. Based on the established method for estimating and zoning the economic benefits of agricultural climate, the climate economic benefits of winter wheat in Hebei province could be classified into five types of regions: lowyield and lowefficiency, lowyield and mediumefficiency, lowyield and highefficiency, highyield and mediumefficiency, and highyield and highefficiency. The highyield and highefficiency areas were mainly distributed in the piedmont plain of the Taihang mountains and the southern part of the Heilonggang river basin, while the medium and low−efficiency areas were mainly located in the mountainous areas of the Taihang mountains, the northern part of the Heilonggang river basin, and the foothills of the Yanshan mountains.

Key words: Agro?climatic zoning, Winter wheat, Economic benefit, Yield?benefit coupling