中国农业气象 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 326-338.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2025.03.005

• 农业生态环境栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

Ångström-Prescott模型参数校正下陕西省参考作物蒸散量的时空演变特征

张亚军，李佩，张猛，杨帆   

  1. 1.河北农业大学国土资源学院，保定 071001；2.长安大学水利与环境学院，西安 710054；3.河北农业大学资源与环境学院，保定 071001；4.河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 保定 071001；5.陕西省“四主体一联合”河湖生态系统保护与修复校企联合研究中心，西安 710065；6.中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司，西安 710065
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-01 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-03-19
  • 作者简介:张亚军，E-mail：zyjcc8734@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目（QN2023065）

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration in Shaanxi Province Based on the Calibration of Ångström-Prescott Model Parameters

ZHANG Ya-jun, LI Pei, ZHANG Meng, YANG Fan   

  1. 1.College of Land and Resources, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; 2.School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054; 3.College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001; 4.Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of HeBei Province, Baoding 071001; 5.Shaanxi Union Research Center of University and Enterprise for River and Lake Ecosystems Protection and Restoration, Xi’an 710065; 6.Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Xi’an 710065
  • Received:2024-04-01 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-19

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摘要：

利用陕西省延安站、西安站和安康站3个气象站太阳辐射（Rs）和日照时数的观测数据，采用最小二乘法对估算Rs的Ångström-Prescott（A-P）模型参数a和b进行季节尺度和年尺度的校正，并验证校正精度；基于全省92个气象站点1971−2021年日值气象数据，采用Penman-Monteith公式估算ET0，通过Anusplin插值方法得到ET0的空间分布，采用回归分析和Hurst指数研究陕西全省及其3个地区（陕北地区、关中地区和陕南地区）ET0的时空演变特征。结果表明：（1）FAO对参数a和b的推荐值并不适用于陕西省，3个站点校正后的参数a和b的范围分别为0.14～0.19和0.53～0.58，年尺度校正是相对最优选择。（2）使用FAO推荐值相对于年尺度校正值估算ET0在陕西全省高估了8.6%，陕北地区、关中地区和陕南地区分别高估了9.3%、4.8%和11.8%；春季、夏季、秋季和冬季分别高估了7.5%、9.5%、8.1%和2.9%。（3）1971−2021年全省ET0的年平均值为765.54～986.06mm，呈关中＞陕南＞陕北的空间格局，全省及其3个地区的时间变化趋势及未来变化趋势均不明显。春季、夏季、秋季和冬季ET0分别占全年ET0的30.8%、40.5%、18.1%和10.6%。陕北和陕南地区季节ET0的时间变化趋势均不明显，关中地区春季和夏季ET0分别呈显著增加和显著减少趋势。全省及其3个地区季节ET0的未来变化趋势均不明显。

关键词: 参考作物蒸散量, 参数校正, Penman-Monteith公式, Anusplin, 时空演变

Abstract:

 In this study, the two parameters (a and b) in the Ångström-Prescott (A-P) model for estimating solar radiation (Rs) were calibrated and validated at the seasonal and annual scales using the observations of Rs and sunshine hours from the three meteorological stations (Yan’an, Xi’an and Ankang) in Shaanxi province. Furthermore, the Penman-Monteith method was applied to calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) using the daily meteorological data from 92 stations in Shaanxi province from 1971 to 2021. The spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ET0 were analyzed by linear regression analysis and Hurst index after Anusplin interpolation in Shaanxi province as a whole and in its three regions (northern Shaanxi, central Shaanxi, and southern Shaanxi). The results showed that: (1) the recommended values by FAO for the two parameters were not suitable for Shaanxi province. The ranges of calibrated parameters a and b at the three stations were 0.14−0.19 and 0.53−0.58 respectively. Annual scale with simpler calibration process was the relatively optimal choice. (2) Compared with the calibrated parameters at the annual scale, the ET0 values estimated using FAO recommended values were overestimated by 8.6% in Shaanxi province overall. Specifically, the overestimations were 9.3%, 4.8% and 11.8% in northern Shaanxi, central Shaanxi, and southern Shaanxi, respectively. Regarding individual seasons, the overestimations were 7.5%, 9.5%, 8.1%, and 2.9% in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. (3) From 1971 to 2021, the ET0 values in Shaanxi province ranged from 764.54mm to 986.06mm, with higher value in central Shaanxi, followed by southern and northern Shaanxi. The temporal and future trends of ET0 in the province and its three regions were not significant. The ET0 in the spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons contributed to approximately 30.8%, 40.5%, 18.1% and 10.6% of the annual ET0, respectively. In northern and southern Shaanxi, the seasonal ET0 trends were not significant, whereas in central Shaanxi, the ET0 showed significant increasing and decreasing trends in the spring and summer seasons, respectively. The future trends of seasonal ET0 in the Shaanxi province and its three regions were not significant.

Key words: Reference crop evapotranspiration, Parameter calibration, Penman-Monteith method, Anusplin, Spatial-temporal variations

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