中国农业气象 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 390-401.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2026.03.007

• 农业气象灾害栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

1994−2023年新疆棉花花铃期高温热害风险区划

火勋国,唐雪莲,王森,张山清,王强,郭燕云,孙帅,王雪姣,张立祯,赵志刚   

  1. 1. 新疆维吾尔自治区农业气象台,乌鲁木齐 830002;2. 新疆农业气象防灾减灾工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830002;3. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京 100193;4. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,乌鲁木齐 830002;5. 新疆生产建设兵团第六师气象局,五家渠 831300
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-25 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 作者简介:火勋国,E-mail:275598255@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02001-1);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01A295);第六师五家渠市科技计划项目(2527);新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”“三农”骨干人才项目(2023SNGGNT078)

Risk Zoning of High Temperature Disaster during Flowering and Boll Setting Stage of Cotton in Xinjiang from 1994 to 2023

HUO Xun-guo, TANG Xue-lian, WANG Sen, ZHANG Shan-qing, WANG Qiang, GUO Yan-yun, SUN Shuai, WANG Xue-jiao, ZHANG Li-zhen, ZHAO Zhi-gang   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Agrometeorological Observatory, Urumqi 830002, China; 2. Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Agricultural Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Urumqi 830002; 3. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193; 4. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002; 5. Meteorological Bureau of Sixth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps , Wujiaqu 831300
  • Received:2025-02-25 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-03-17

摘要: 基于1994−2023年7−8月新疆106个国家基本气象站逐日气象数据,分析该地区高温致灾因子危险性指数,结合承灾体暴露度指数和防灾减灾能力,构建高温热害风险评估模型,绘制新疆棉花花铃期高温热害风险区划图,以期识别新疆地区棉花高温热害的高风险区域,为区域农业灾害防控提供参考。结果表明:1994−2023年新疆棉花花铃期高温过程具有明显的地域差异,高温致灾因子危险性整体呈“高海拔低、盆地和平原高”的空间分布特征;暴露度高等级区域主要集中在棉花种植密集的博州、奎屯、库尔勒、阿克苏及喀什部分地区;新疆多数棉区防灾减灾能力整体偏低,能力较强区域集中在城市化程度较高的中心城市;综合高温热害风险较高的区域主要分布在博州中部、塔城地区南部、吐鲁番、哈密及南疆部分重点棉花种植区。针对上述高风险区域,需采取科学的高温热害防控措施,以减轻高温热害带来的损失,保障新疆棉花生产的可持续发展。

关键词: 棉花, 花铃期, 高温热害风险, 风险评估模型

Abstract: Based on daily observational data from 106 national baseline weather stations in Xinjiang during July to August of the period 1994 to 2023, the risk index of high temperature disaster causing factors in the region was analyzed, combining with crop exposure index and disaster prevention capacity, to construct a high temperature disaster risk assessment model. Subsequently, a comprehensive risk zoning of high temperature disaster was developed to identify high risk areas and provide a reference for regional agricultural disaster prevention and control. The results showed that high temperature processes during the cotton flowering and boll setting phases in Xinjiang from 1994 to 2023 exhibited distinct regional difference, the risk of high temperature disaster causing factors generally exhibited a spatial pattern of being lower in high altitude areas while higher in basins and plains. High exposure areas mainly concentrated in major cotton−growing regions including Bortala prefecture, Kuitun, Korla, Aksu and parts of Kashger. Most cotton areas in Xinjiang had low disaster prevention capability, while stronger capabilities existed in highly urbanized central cities. High risk areas for comprehensive high temperature disaster were mainly distributed across central Bortala, south and central Tacheng, Turpan, Hami and key cotton−growing areas in southern Xinjiang. For these high risk regions, scientific prevention measures should be applied to reduce high temperature disaster losses and ensure sustainable cotton production development in Xinjiang.

Key words: Cotton, Flowering and boll setting stage, High temperature disaster, Risk assessment model