中国农业气象 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (03): 258-267.doi: 103969/jissn1000-6362201403004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

潜在蒸散量估算方法对干旱侦测指数计算的影响

周丹,张勃,沈彦俊   

  1. 1西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070;2中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,石家庄050021
  • 收稿日期:2013-09-10 出版日期:2014-06-20 发布日期:2015-02-11
  • 作者简介:周丹(1989-),陕西宝鸡人,硕士生,研究方向为区域环境与资源开发。Email:www.zhoudan6666@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40961038);生态经济学省级重点学科(5001-021);高校博士学科点专项科研基金(20136203110002)

Effect of Potential Evapotranspiration Estimation Method on Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) Calculation

ZHOU Dan, ZHANG Bo, SHEN Yan jun   

  1. 1 College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2 Center for Agricultural Resources Research Center, CAS, Shijiazhuang 050021
  • Received:2013-09-10 Online:2014-06-20 Published:2015-02-11

摘要: 基于漳州、齐齐哈尔、洛川、乌鲁木齐和拉萨5个代表不同气候和地貌类型的气象站1963-2012年实测资料,选用Hargreaves法、Thornthwaite法、Mccloud法和PM法(参考方法)进行潜在蒸散量(PET)的估算,通过PET估算值计算不同时间尺度的干旱侦测指数(RDI),并对计算结果进行差异性分析,旨在探讨该指数在中国不同气候区域的适用性。研究表明,Thornthwaite法整体上估算的PET值较高,Hargreaves法估算的较低,Thornthwaite法与PM法的计算结果最接近。PM法和Thornthwaite法、Hargreaves法和Mccloud法分别遵循相同的年度模式,但各站点呈现的波动情况不一致;4种方法计算的5个站点RDI年尺度值结果接近,差异性分析效果也较好。各种PET方法计算的6个月和3个月时间尺度的RDI值,仅漳州站中的Hargreaves法与其它3种方法计算结果存在较大差异,变化趋势也不一致,其它各站计算结果总体上差异较小,说明各种PET估算方法均适合在国内计算长时间和中短时间尺度的RDI,但各站的最佳PET估算方法则不同。

关键词: 干旱, 潜在蒸散量, 干旱侦测指数, 多时间尺度, 差异性分析

Abstract: Based on the observed meteorological data (1963-2012) at five stations represented different types of climate and landscape in the Chinese mainland, the Hargreaves method, Thornthwaite method, Mccloud method and PM method (reference) were used to estimate the potential evapotranspiration (PET) Then, the RDI was calculated at different time scales according to the estimated PET and the difference of RDI at various time scales and locations The applicability of the RDI at different regions in China was discussed The results showed that the Thornthwaite method overestimates the PET and the Hargreaves method underestimates the PET, while the Thornthwaite method and the PM method get the similar results The PET calculated by the four methods respectively followed the same annual patterns, but the inter annual change of PET various significantly The RDI values calculated by the four PET methods displayed almost the same annual pattern at the five stations, which suggest that the four PET calculated methods are suitable for RDI calculation Moreover, the most suitable method is different at the five stations The difference among the RDI values at six months and three months scale calculated by the four PET calculates is little Only the results calculated by Hargreaves at Zhangzhou station is quite different with the other three methods, and the trend is also inconsistent The result suggests that the four PET calculation methods are suitable for the calculation of RDI at middle or short time scale in China mainland, but the most suitable method of each station is different

Key words: Drought, Potential evapotranspiration, Reconnaissance Drought Index, Different time scales, Variance analysis