中国农业气象 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (04): 395-402.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2014.04.006

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

模拟增温对C3/C4植物种子出苗和幼苗生长的影响

陈宇琪,杨劼,王平平,宋炳煜   

  1. 内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-23 出版日期:2014-08-20 发布日期:2015-02-11
  • 作者简介:陈宇琪(1988-),女,内蒙古包头人,硕士生,主要从事气候变化与草地生态研究。Email:shuaichenyuqi@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    农业部“国家牧草现代产业技术体系”项目(CARS-35)

Effects of Simulated Warming on Seed Emergence and Seedling Growth of C3/C4 Plants

CHEN Yu qi,YANG Jie,WANG Ping ping,SONG Bing yu   

  1. School of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot010021,China
  • Received:2013-12-23 Online:2014-08-20 Published:2015-02-11

摘要: 以内蒙古草原群落中共存的不同生活型的两组C3/C4植物即草本本氏针茅(Stipa bungeana)/白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum)和小半灌木冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)/木地肤(Kochia prostrata)为研究对象,采用开顶式生长室(OTC)模拟增温的方法,观测两组植物从种子出苗至幼苗早期生长及生物量积累与分配特征,分析不同光合类型植物的种子出苗及幼苗生长对气温升高的响应。结果表明:⑴与C3植物(本氏针茅和冷蒿)相比,C4植物(白羊草和木地肤)在增温下的出苗率和出苗速率均显著增加(P<0.05),出土幼苗死亡速率显著降低(P<0.05),出苗优势较大。⑵不同光合类型植物的幼苗生长对增温的响应方式不同,增温处理下,C3植物幼苗的株高极显著增加(P<0.01),而C4植物幼苗的叶片长度、单叶面积均显著增加(P<0.05)。⑶增温处理对C3植物幼苗的生物量积累影响较小,但能明显促进C4植物幼苗的地上部分生物量积累。⑷增温处理使C3植物冷蒿的根生物量分配显著增加(P<0.05),而其它3种植物幼苗的生物量分配未发生明显变化。由此可以预测,未来气温升高2℃更有利于C4植物的出苗与生长。研究结果可为气候变化下C3/C4植物的种类组成、分布与适应性的深入研究提供依据。

关键词: 气候变化, 模拟增温, C3/C4植物, 种子出苗, 幼苗生长

Abstract:  In order to investigate the response of seed germination and seedling growth of C3 and C4 plants to climate warming,authors regarded two herb species Stipa bungeana and Bothriochloa ischaemum as well as two small semishrub species Artemisia frigida and Kochia prostrate as objects,which are separately coexisting in Inner Mongolia steppe.OTC was designed to simulate warming to observe the seed emergence and seedling growth,biomass accumulation and allocation of four plants.The results showed that:(1)simulated warming significantly increased seed emergence percentage,emergence rate and decreased seedling mortality rate of C4 species(Bothriochloa ischaemum and Kochia prostrata)relative to C3 species(Stipa bungeana and Artemisia frigida)(P<0.05).(2)The seedling growth of different photosynthetic type responded to simulated warming differently: warming significantly increased the seedling height of C3 plants(P<0.01)while the leaf length and leaf area of C4 plants(P<0.05).(3)Simulated warming had little effect on biomass accumulation of C3 seedlings but an obvious promotion of aboveground biomass accumulation of C4 seedlings.(4)Warming increased the root biomass allocation of Artemisia frigida(C3)(P<0.05),but had no effect on the biomass allocation of other three plants. Based on the results we can predict that the seed emergence and seedling growth of C4 species will benefited from the air temperature rise of 2℃ in the future.The results can provide the basis for further research of the composition,distribution and adaptability of C3/C4 species under climate change.

Key words: Climate change, Simulated warming, C3/C4 plants, Seed emergence, Seedling growth