实际地形下地表太阳总辐射的简化算法及应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2017.07.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为快速准确估算实际地形下地表太阳总辐射，针对辐射观测资料不足现状，通过考虑天文、大气和地理地形等因子对地表太阳总辐射的影响，构建了融合起伏地形天文辐射模型、地表太阳总辐射气候学公式和日照百分率优化插值方案的太阳总辐射简化算法。并以安徽省为例，对简化算法实施参数化和应用，采用2个辐射站观测资料统计回归得到气候学公式参数，参数化后的公式计算相对误差为7.65%。利用80个站点的日照百分率数据分析了不同插值方法适用性，逐点交叉检验结果表明，薄盘样条法对安徽省日照百分率具有更好的插值效果。基于简化算法计算得到实际地形下安徽省地表太阳总辐射平均为4500MJ·m-2·a-1，总体呈北部高、南部低，山区南坡高、北坡低的分布特征，部分开阔南坡的太阳辐射超过同纬度水平地面。季节特征上地形对太阳辐射的影响随月份而异，在冬半年影响幅度更为明显，夏半年地形影响相对较弱，并多以削减为主。安徽省太阳能资源以3级为主，大别山和皖南山区的北坡多为4级，而在皖北低山丘陵的南坡存在零星的2级资源区。近年来由于日照百分率的下降，导致全省地表太阳总辐射普遍减少。

关键词: 天文辐射, 日照百分率, 空间分析, 薄盘样条, 安徽省

Abstract: To rapidly and accurately estimate the surface solar radiation over rugged terrains, a simplified algorithm was established by considering the effect of astronomy, meteorology and topography factors, which included model of astronomical radiation over rugged terrains, climatological formula of surface solar radiation, and optimal interpolation scheme for sunshine percentage. A case study was then implemented in Anhui Province to illustrate the parameterization and application of the algorithm. Regression analysis was adopted to obtain the parameters of climatological formula by using observed solar radiation of 2 stations, and the relative error of the formula was 7.65%. Result of cross-validation indicated that the Thin Plate Spline method was the optimal interpolation scheme for sunshine percentage in Anhui Province. By using the simplified algorithm, the surface solar radiation at any location could be calculated on the basis of the percentage of sunshine and the digital elevation. Result indicated that the annual surface solar radiation was averaged at 4500MJ·m-2·y-1 in the province. As effected by the topographical and climate characteristics, the spatial pattern was dominated by more solar radiation gained in the north and less in the south of the province, while the southern slope of mountain received more solar radiation compared than the northern slope. The impact of terrains on the solar radiation showed different season characteristics, which is more significant in the winter half year. Moreover, the rugged terrains tended to reduce the solar radiation compared the flat plain in the summer half year. Further, the assessment of solar energy resources showed that the 3rd level of solar resources dominated in Anhui Province. The 4th level was identified in the northern slope of the Dabie and Wannan Mountains, while 2 level resource areas sporadically located in the southern slope of hilly in North Anhui. Due to the decline of percentage of sunshine, the significant decrease of global solar radiation was simulated by the method in Anhui Province in recent years.

Key words: Astronomical radiation, Sunshine percentage, Spatial analysis, Thin plate spline, Anhui province

卢燕宇，田红，侯恩兵，孙维，邓汗青，何冬燕. 实际地形下地表太阳总辐射的简化算法及应用[J]. 中国农业气象, 2017, 38(07): 397-406.

LU Yan-yu, TIAN Hong, HOU En-bing, SUN Wei, DENG Han-qing, HE Dong-yan. A Simplified Calculation Method of Surface Solar Radiation over Rugged Terrains: the Procedure and its Application in Anhui Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2017, 38(07): 397-406.

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