关键词: 气候变化, 极端气温, 气候突变, 空间分析, 黄土高原

Abstract: The spatial temporal distribution of annual average,extremely maximum and minimum temperature was analyzed based on meteorological data of 58 stations in Loess Plateau,by using of the Kriging interpolation and Mann-Kendall mutation test methods.The results showed that the annual average temperature,extremely maximum and minimum temperature in Loess Plateau increased from 1960 to 2011,all of them was higher than national average level at the same duration except for extreme minimum temperature.Their mutation periods occurred in 1991, 1998 and 1982 respectively.In past 52 years,the annual average temperature increased from southeastern to northwestern in Loess Plateau region,and the climatic tendency rate increased from southern to northern.The mutation point was delayed from northwest to southeastern.Annual average extreme maximum temperature in northeast and southwest was the lowest,and the central area was the highest.The climatic tendency rate in western and northeastern was the highest,the southern was the lowest.Annual average extreme minimum temperature in the northwest was lower than that of in southeast,the climatic tendency rate in northern was higher than that of in southern. The mutation point became earlier from western to eastern.The region experienced an obvious climate warming in last 52 years,in which annual average extreme minimum temperature had large contribution to average temperature increasing.The results had good references to understand the adverse impacts of extreme temperature change on agricultural production.

Key words: Climate change, Extreme temperature, Climate mutation, Spatial analysis, Loess Plateau